Ashford PSY301 Week 2 Weekly Review Latest 2021 February

PSY301 Social Psychology

Week 2 Weekly Review  

Question 1A person is more likely to make the fundamental attribution error when reading

  a letter from a classmate.

  subtitles from a movie.

  a note from their professor.

  a brief email.

 Question 2The ____________ explains how we might develop or enhance certain attitudes.

  cognitive dissonance theory

  theory of planned behavior

  self-perception theory

  theory of relativity

 Question 3Asa believes that once the politicians stop bickering and legislation is passed to permit more funding, she will be able to obtain the science scholarship for which she applied. Asa is using a(n) ______________ to describe her current situation.

  positive explanatory style

  pessimistic explanatory style

  optimistic explanatory style

  negative explanatory style

  Question 4According to the actor-observer bias, a person who just got hired for a high-paying job is more likely to offer a(n) ___________ as opposed to a(n) ___________ to explain their good fortune.

  smug explanation; humble explanation

  situational explanation; dispositional explanation

  detailed account; brief summary

  dispositional explanation; situational explanation

 Question 5Researchers Frank and Gilovich (1988) investigated whether what we are wearing has an impact on our actions. The results of their study showed that

  wearing dark clothes was related to aggression.

  wearing black uniforms was related to aggression.

  wearing black uniforms was related to intimidating behavior.

  wearing black uniforms was related to rudeness.

 Question 6When we overestimate the extent to which people have similar interests and preferences, we are engaging in a phenomenon known as

  false uniqueness effect.

  spotlight effect.

  illusion of transparency

  false consensus effect.

 Question 7The theory of planned behavior is NOT useful for making predictions about whether someone will continue their practice of going to their favorite restaurant.

  True

  False

 Question 8The theory of planned behavior helps us to ____________ a person’s behavior.

  make predictions about

  provide explanations for

  develop theories about

  weaken or strengthen

 Question 9Festinger and Carlsmith’s (1959) experiment showed that students who received $1 were more likely to conspire with the researchers than those who were given $20 or no money. This apparent discrepancy exemplifies

  insufficient justification.

  cognitive dissonance.

  discrepancy between belief and behavior.

  All of these.

 Question 10An attitude is an evaluation

  that is highly subjective.

  based on our culture.

  based on our reactions.

  that is highly objective.

 Question 11Sylvester and Susan are out on their first date. According to typical dating scripts

  Susan will choose the restaurant.

  Sylvester will offer to pay for the meal.

  attend a movie.

  All of these.

 Question 12Andy usually dresses in mostly black, wears a spiked dog collar and has a large Mohawk haircut. According to the _________________, an initial judgment is likely to be that Andy is a “goth” or punk rocker.

  conjunction fallacy

  affect heuristic

  base rate fallacy

  representativeness heuristic

 Question 13Without realizing it, Janice began looking for evidence to support her belief that her boyfriend was cheating on her. Janice was engaging in the phenomenon called

  support bias.

  self-serving bias.

  confirmation bias.

  belief bias.

 Question 14An eyewitness to a crime told police that the suspect of the crime was a very large man who had biker shorts on. The eyewitness did not, however, tell the police about the baseball cap the assailant was wearing. In all likelihood, the eyewitness believed the suspect’s size was ____________; the biker shorts were ____________; and the baseball cap was____________.

  Schema relevant; schema inconsistent; irrelevant

  irrelevant; Schema relevant; schema inconsistent

  schema inconsistent; irrelevant; Schema relevant

  Schema relevant; irrelevant; schema inconsistent

 Question 15Heuristics are more reliable than schemas.

  True

  False

 Question 16Recall that research by Allain and colleagues (2007) suggests that as we get older, we may be less likely to follow certain scripts. The example given in your text refers to

  dressing oneself.

  changing a flat tire.

  making an omelet.

  driving a car.

 Question 17Arthur is in archery enthusiast. During a competition, he kissed each arrow before firing at the target and was the clear winner of the competition. Now, Arthur always kisses his arrows, because he has

  an increased illusion of control.

  developed a superstition.

  become afraid to not kiss the arrows.

  maintained his illusion of control.

 Question 18Rosenthal and Jacobsen (1966), randomly selected a group of students and told their teachers that these students were predicted to do very well in the next year. The fact that these students did indeed perform better than their peers was an example of

  a random fluke.

  self-fulfilling prophecy.

  behavioral confirmation.

  belief perseverance.

 Question 19Your textbook discusses research wherein people were asked whether they know more words that began with the letter “r,” or words that had the letter “r” as the third letter in the word. This research demonstrated

  the availability heuristic.

  the representativeness heuristic.

  the anchoring and adjustment hueristic.

  the familiarity heuristic.

 Question 20If a schema follows a particular order or sequence, it is a script.

  True

  False

 Question 21Two struggling salespeople are applying for the same contract in a small town. According to realistic group conflict theory,

  the salespeople will become angry with one another.

  both parties are in competition for scarce resources.

  the salespeople will become prejudiced towards one another.

  All of these.

The answer can be found in Section 6.3, Societal Origins, Social Psychology, 2e

Question 22Harvey is a firm believer in social structure, is very choosy about his friends, and some would say he is a bigot. It is quite likely that Harvey is low in social dominance orientation.

  True

  False

 Question 23According to Pratto and colleagues (1994), people who are high in __________ tend to _____________.

  social dominance orientation; rarely have prejudiced views

  social prejudice orientation; have prejudiced and racist views

  social dominance orientation; have prejudiced and racist views

  None of these

 Question 24A car salesman sells a vehicle to a woman customer at a price higher than you would for a male customer. This is an example of ______.

  bias

  discrimination

  stereotypes

  prejudice

 Question 25Serge prides himself on being a member of a highly diverse fraternity. Because of the __________ he feels certain that the fraternity across the street is much less diverse.

  outgroup homogeneity effect

  ingroup heterogeneity effect

  outgroup heterogeneity effect

  ingroup superiority effect

 Question 26Societal origins of prejudice include

  norms.

  culture.

  social inequalities.

  Any of the above..

 Question 27Jane Elliott’s brown-eyed/blue-eyed study led many of her students to have empathy for people who are the victims of prejudice and discrimination.

  True

  False

 Question 28Research by Stangor and colleagues on social norms showed that when people believe their stereotypes are ____________, such stereotypes tend to ___________.

  Different from their peers; change to reflect their peers

  The same as their peers; change to be more individualized

  Different from their peers; increase in strength

  The same as their peers; increase in strength

 Question 29In stereotype-threat studies on athletic ability among males,

  Whites performed less well than usual.

  Blacks performed less well than usual.

  Whites performed better than usual.

  Blacks performed better than usual.

 Question 30In many societies, especially when certain resources become scarce, minorities and immigrants may become

  scapegoats.

  fall guys.

  targets.

  ostracized.