PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 1 Discussion
DQ1 Statistics can be a foreign topic to many people and/or cause anxiety. This checklist may help you succeed.
Schedule 20-25 hours a week for studying and completing assignments
Review the specific terms for each topic on the Statistics Visual Learner website
Read the assigned chapters from the textbook and complete the Progress Checks as you are reading for practice
Use the Electronic Resources for extra assistance (Khan videos, SPSS tutorials, SAGE resources, etc.)
Complete the assignment(s) for each topic
Having reviewed this checklist, what challenges might you face? What steps can you take to succeed in the class?
Review the levels of measurement terms in the Statistics Visual Learner media piece. Compare and contrast Stevens's four scales of measurement and explain when each type of scale should be used.
DQ2 The professor teaching a large introductory class gives a final exam that has alternate forms, A, B, and C. A student taking the exam using Form B is upset because she claims that Form B is much harder than Forms A and C. Discuss how percentile point data might be useful to determine if the student is correct.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 2 Discussion
DQ1 The process of random sampling guarantees that the sample selected will be representative of the population. Why is this statement not true? What other factors and variables influence the outcomes of studies?
DQ2 Review the video on Normal Distribution in the Calculations section of the "Statistics Visual Learner" media piece.
Bob compares his SAT Verbal score of 400 to Marge's ACT Verbal score of 20. "I beat you," he exclaims. "My score is 20 times your score!" Although his multiplication is good, his logic is faulty. Explain why.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 3 Discussion
DQ1 Review the video "Linear Correlation" in the Calculations section of the "Statistics Visual Learner" media piece.
It is sometimes said that the higher the correlation between two variables, the more likely the relationship is causal. Do you think this is correct? Discuss.
DQ2 Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of correlational and regression studies; discuss concepts such as positive and negative correlations, correlation coefficients, confounding variables, and causality.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 4 Discussion
DQ1 Explain Type I error and give an example. Explain Type II error and give an example. What is the best way to reduce both kinds of error? Find a current scenario that has a Type I error and a Type II error. Is this scenario an example of an inverse relationship? Why or Why not?
DQ2 Review the term Significance Test in the "Statistics Visual Learner" media piece.
When a newspaper or magazine article reports the results of a study and draws a conclusion without also reporting whether the results are statistically significant, what are the possible reasons for doing so? How seriously should you take the conclusion offered in such a study? Discuss.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 5 Discussion
DQ1 What are the strengths and weaknesses of using a t-test? Give a real-world example to support your answer.
DQ2 Discuss how the t-test for correlated groups and the t-test for single samples are alike and different. Give a current example to support your answer.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 6 Discussion
DQ1 Review the four "ANOVA" videos in the Calculations section of the "Statistics Visual Learner" media piece.
Explain why factorial designs with two or more independent variables (or factors) can induce errors when interpreting data. Give an example.
DQ2 Explain how the ANOVA impacts a Type I error. How might a Type I error change when comparing groups two at a time using the t-test for independent groups?
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 7 Discussion
DQ1 Review the three "Non Parametric" test videos in the Calculations section of the "Statistics Visual Learner" media piece.
How would you create a statistical analysis based on the scenario below? Explain. What level of significance would you test at and why?
A researcher is examining preferences among four new flavors of ice cream. A sample of n = 80 people is obtained. Each person tastes all four flavors and then picks a favorite. The distribution of preferences is as follows. Do these data indicate any significance preferences among the four flavors using the chi-square test?
Ice Cream Flavor
A B C D
12 18 28 22
DQ2 Describe the differences between parametric and nonparametric tests. Which are more powerful and why? Give an example of a situation where you would select a parametric and a nonparametric test.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 8 Discussion
DQ1 To determine whether a new sleeping pill has an affect that varies with dosage, a researcher randomly assigns adult insomniacs, in equal numbers, to receive either 4 or 8 grams of the sleeping pill. The amount of sleeping time is measured for each subject during an 8-hour period after the administration of the dosage. What type of design is this, and what type of statistic is needed to analyze the data (consider ABAB studies)?
DQ2 Dr. Bill Board designs a 2 X 2 between-subjects factorial design, where Factor A is word frequency (low or high) and Factor B is category cues (no cues or cues). Assume that the data are interval. What type of statistic is needed to analyze the data?
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 1 Assignment
Application Check
Take a moment to review the details of this assignment below and gather any necessary files. Once you're ready to submit your assignment, move on to Step 2.
Assessment Description
Use the attached worksheet "Application Check" to review important terminology used in this course. Submit the completed worksheet.
Using your own words, define the following terms and provide an example:
1. Descriptive statistics:
2. Inferential statistics:
3. Qualitative data:
4. Quantitative data:
5. Independent variable:
6. Dependent variable:
7. Mode:
8. Mean:
9. Median:
10. Percentile:
11. Standard deviation:
12. Degrees of freedom:
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 1 Assignment
Descriptive Statistics Project
Take a moment to review the details of this assignment below and gather any necessary files. Once you're ready to submit your assignment, move on to Step 2.
Assessment Description
Use the attached document “Descriptive Statistic Project” to complete the assignment.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
Directions: Use the following information to complete the questions below.
A researcher was interested in the anxiety present in students just prior to the midterm exam. The researcher used an anxiety self-quiz to gauge the student’s anxiety. The scores for 30 students are given here.
69 99 91 66 70 98 70 53 40 58
61 66 94 77 70 56 88 85 86 40
84 86 54 48 86 43 78 53 79 89
1. Construct a frequency table with class, frequency, relative percent, and cumulative percent that has 6 classes to describe the distribution of the data in SPSS.
2. Use the frequency table to construct a histogram in SPSS.
3. Use SPSS to calculate the numerical descriptive statistics mean, median, standard deviation, and variance of the anxiety scores.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 2 Assignment
Probability Project
Assessment Description
Use the document “Probability Project” to complete the assignment.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
Directions: Use the following information to complete the assignment.
There are many misconceptions about probability which may include the following.
• All events are equally likely.
• Later events may be affected by or compensate for earlier ones.
• When determining probability from statistical data, sample size is irrelevant.
• Results of games of skill are unaffected by the nature of the participants.
• “Lucky/Unlucky” numbers can influence random events.
• In random events involving selection, results are dependent on number rather than rations.
• If events are random, then the results of a series of independent events are equally likely.
The following statements are all incorrect. Explain the statements and the errors fully using the probability rules discussed in topic two.
1. The number 7 is a lucky number so you are more likely to win raffles with ticket number 7 than with a different number.
2. I roll two dice and add the results. The probability of getting a total of 8 is 1/12 because there are 12 different possibilities and 8 is one of them.
3. Mr. Verdehas to have a major operation. Ninety-three percent of the people who have this operation make a complete recovery. There is a 93% chance that Mr. Verde will make a complete recovery if he has this operation.
4. The Ramblers play the Chargers. The Ramblers can win, loose, or draw, so the probability that they win is 1/3.
5. I have flipped an unbiased coin four times and got heads. It is more likely to get tails the next time I flip it.
6. Thirty random college students are asked if they study during the week. Since 60% said yes, a statement can be made that 40% of students only study on the weekend.
7. I have two coins. If I flip them together, the probability of getting a heads and a tails is 1/3.This is because you can only get two heads, two tails, or one head and one tail.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 3 Assignment
Benchmark – Correlation and Regression Project
Assessment Description
Use the attached document “Correlation and Regression” to complete the assignment.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
Benchmark Information
This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency:
MS Psychology
3.1 Interpret psychological phenomena using scientific reasoning.
Directions: Use the following information to complete the questions below.
Use the following data points that have a linear relationship
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Substance Abuse and Suicide: Percent of the Total U.S. Population
|
|
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X VARIABLE
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Y VARIABLE
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Year
|
Substance Use
|
Suicides
|
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1999
|
6.82
|
0.000105
|
|
2000
|
6.78
|
0.000104
|
|
2001
|
7.00
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0.000107
|
|
2002
|
7.12
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0.00011
|
|
2003
|
7.09
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0.000108
|
|
2004
|
7.05
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0.00011
|
|
2005
|
7.17
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0.000109
|
|
2006
|
7.24
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0.00011
|
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2007
|
7.28
|
0.000113
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2008
|
7.36
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0.000116
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2009
|
7.80
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0.000118
|
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2010
|
7.81
|
0.000121
|
|
2011
|
7.88
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0.000123
|
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2012
|
7.87
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0.000125
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2013
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8.07
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0.000126
|
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2014
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8.12
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0.00013
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2015
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8.06
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0.000133
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2016
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8.17
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0.000134
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2017
|
8.18
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0.00014
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2018
|
8.23
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0.000142
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In 500-750 words, address the following:
Identify thecorrelation coefficient for each of the possible pairings of variables.Describe the relationship in terms of strength (weak/strong) and direction (positive/negative).
Find a linear model of the relationship between the three variables of interest. Identify the predictor variables and the criterion variable.
Provide an output of the SPSS results and interpret the results using correct APA style. Be sure to include the following in your interpretation:
• Cause and effect concepts
• Independent/dependent variable relationships?
• Why is important to do random sampling?
• What is regression fallacy? How may it apply to the relationships discovered?
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 6 Assignment
MANOVA Project
Assessment Description
Use the attached document “MANOVA Project” to complete this assignment.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
Directions:Complete this assignment in 500-750 words using the following information:
A researcher randomly assigns 33 subjects to one of three groups. Group 1 receives technical dietary information interactively from an online website. Group 2 receives the same information from a nurse practitioner, while Group 3 receives the information from a video made by the same nurse practitioner.
The researcher looked at three different ratings of the presentation: difficulty, usefulness, and importance to determine if there is a difference in the modes of presentation. In particular, the researcher is interested in whether the interactive website is superior because that is the most cost-effective way of delivering the information.
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Group
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Usefulness
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Difficulty
|
Importance
|
|
Group
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Usefulness
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Difficulty
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Importance
|
|
1
|
20
|
5
|
18
|
|
2
|
29
|
10
|
5
|
|
1
|
25
|
9
|
8
|
|
2
|
26
|
11
|
1
|
|
1
|
23
|
15
|
20
|
|
2
|
22
|
5
|
2
|
|
1
|
16
|
9
|
22
|
|
2
|
15
|
15
|
14
|
|
1
|
20
|
6
|
22
|
|
2
|
29
|
6
|
4
|
|
1
|
28
|
14
|
8
|
|
2
|
15
|
6
|
3
|
|
1
|
20
|
6
|
13
|
|
3
|
22
|
8
|
12
|
|
1
|
25
|
8
|
13
|
|
3
|
27
|
9
|
14
|
|
1
|
24
|
10
|
24
|
|
3
|
21
|
10
|
7
|
|
1
|
18
|
10
|
20
|
|
3
|
17
|
9
|
1
|
|
1
|
17
|
9
|
4
|
|
3
|
16
|
7
|
12
|
|
2
|
28
|
7
|
14
|
|
3
|
19
|
9
|
7
|
|
2
|
25
|
14
|
5
|
|
3
|
23
|
10
|
1
|
|
2
|
26
|
9
|
20
|
|
3
|
27
|
9
|
5
|
|
2
|
19
|
15
|
22
|
|
3
|
23
|
9
|
6
|
|
2
|
29
|
14
|
12
|
|
3
|
16
|
14
|
22
|
|
2
|
15
|
6
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Analyze the data and interpret the results using a MANOVA.
2. Run a t-test using this data and interpret thoseresults.
3. Compare the outcomes of the MANOVA and t-test and identify any differences. Which approach would you use? Why?
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 8 Assignment
Research Question Plan
Assessment Description
Based on the statistical tests in this course, this assignment requires you to write a description of a potential research project using the following scenario.
Scenario: Imagine you are a Math Committee Review member at the local elementary school. You have been asked to review a curriculum change for 5th graders in math.
In 1,250-1,500 words, address the following prompts based on the above scenario:
Include a brief background of the problem and why it is important. From this information, identify a clearly written research question.
State the null and alternative hypothesis (in both words and statistical notation) needed to address the research question.
Describe the type of data needing to be collected and the techniques you would use.
Choose which statistical test you would use to conduct the study. Support your method with research.
How might you report your findings? Explain the potential ethical dilemmas.
Use three to five scholarly resources to defend this proposal.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 1 Assignment
Take a moment to review the details of this assignment below and gather any necessary files. Once you're ready to submit your assignment, move on to Step 2.
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises from "Review Questions" located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 1, number 1.8
Chapter 2, number 2.14
Chapter 3, numbers 3.10 and 3.17
Chapter 4, numbers 4.17 and 4.19
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 2 Assignment
Review Questions
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises from "Review Questions" located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 5, numbers 5.13 and 5.14
Chapter 8, numbers 8.16 and 8.19
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 3 Assignment
Review Questions
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises from "Review Questions" located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 6, number 6.9
Chapter 7, number 7.8
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 4 Assignment
Review Questions
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises from "Review Questions" located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 9, number 9.13
Chapter 10, number 10.10
Chapter 11, numbers 11.13 and 11.19
Chapter 12, number 12.8
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 5 Assignment
Review Questions
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises from "Review Questions" located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 13, numbers 13.8 and 13.10
Chapter 14, numbers 14.11 and 14.12
Chapter 15, numbers 15.11 and 15.12
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 6 Assignment
Review Questions
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 16, number 16.9
Chapter 18, number 18.12
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
PSY520 Graduate Statistics
Week 7 Assignment
Review Questions
Assessment Description
Complete the following exercises from "Review Questions" located at the end of each chapter and put them into a Word document to submit to the instructor.
Chapter 19, numbers 19.9 and 19.16
Chapter 20, numbers 20.5, 20.6, and 20.7
Show all relevant work; use the equation editor in Microsoft Word when necessary.
