Harper HUM101 Week 2 Quiz Latest 2021 April

HUM101 ANCIENT THROUGH THE MEDIEVAL WEST

Week 2 Quiz

Question 1The first method developed to date very old objects is __________________________ dating. This method has limitations, in that it is dependent on there being some organic materials, a small amount of which must be destroyed in the process, and it is cannot be used to date anything older than 60,000 years.

Question 2A sculpture in which figures or designs are carved into a wall or flat surface, so that the design projects out from the wall in three dimensions, is called a: ___________________________.

Question 3The word ___________________________ refers to art that attempts to portray the invisible, such as ideas, feelings or beliefs, rather than the physical world.

Question 4A painting that is created on a wall, usually by applying pigment to wet plaster, is called a __________________________.

Question 5The simplest, oldest, and most common architectural form is the _________________________, a way of creating a doorway or open space in a wall by using two tall uprights held apart and kept stable by a crosspiece laid over the top.

Question 6

A belief that the forces of nature are alive and inhabited by supernatural beings and spirits of the dead is called _______________________________. This type of belief appears to have been dominant in the very earliest cultures.

Question 7A society in which inheritance and identity come through the female line is called ______________________.

Question 8The earliest epoch of human culture, during which time human beings hunted and gathered their food and had no permanent settlements, is called the ___________________________________ period, also called the "Old Stone Age".

Question 9The _______________________ Industry is the name given to the stone tools created from 2.6 to 1.5 million years ago, by the early hominids described in Question #8. These tools were made of “…flaked and smashed quartz riverside pebbles made into poorly formed choppers and sharp stone flakes.”

Question 10The first user of fire was the hominid _____________________________________, who lived about 1.6 million years ago.

Question 11The stone tools created from 1.6 million to 2000.000 years ago by the hominid named in Question #10 are called ____________________________. They are identified by their style, shape (pear or tear-drop), and the skill it took to make them.  This type of tool technology lasted longer (over a million years) than any other, and is the most widespread of any stone tool type

Question 12Fossils of the ___________________________ were discovered in the late 1800’s. It was once thought that they were “cave men” who were stronger than modern humans, but had died out because they could not compete with the more intelligent modern humans. It is now believed that these beings were highly intelligent, and that most human beings from Europe and Asia alive now have inherited between 1.5 to 2.1% of their DNA from these creatures.

Question 13One of the oldest known examples of cave art, at least 10,000 years older than any previously discovered cave art, was found in the ____________________________ Caves in southern France in 1994. The drawings of animals in these caves use shading to create a sense of depth and perspective.

Question 14A figure found in Austria, the _____________________________ is one of the oldest known sculpted human figures. It depicts a female, 4 inches long, with large breasts, hips, and buttocks, elaborately coiled hair, and no facial features.

Question 15The belief that only permanent, agriculture-based societies would build large stone monuments has been challenged by the discovery in 1994 of ________________________, in southeastern Turkey. The site contains huge, t-shaped standing stones that are carved with animal and bird designs, that must have required large, organized groups of people to create. However, the site predates agriculture and there is no sign that large groups of people lived near the area for any length of time. 

Question 16In what is called the _______________________ Adaptation, people just east of the Mediterranean began to depend more and more on grain as a significant part of their diet, and to build permanent settlements near sources of water and grain

Question 17Early agriculture, the first basis for ancient societies’ economies, was dependent on the development of _________________________________ technologies, to control water distribution. This development led to major civilizations growing up in river valleys.

Question 18An excellent example of very early large village culture, a step towards full-fledged civilization, can be found at the site named _______________________________, in central Turkey. The people of this place built houses right next to each other, mined and traded obsidian, and buried their dead under the floors of their houses.

Question 19What may have been the first true “city”, is _________________________________, at the northern tip of the Dead Sea.

Question 20The earliest known pottery was created by the ______________________ culture of Japan, where women wound coils of soft clay onto flat bottoms, and then smoothed and decorated the outsides before firing the pots.

Question 21The land bridge that once existed between Asia and North America is called _______________________. Many modern scholars believe that this land bridge allowed human beings to cross from Asia and spread into the American continents between 12 and 10 thousand years ago.

Question 22A ___________________________ point is a stone tool, an arrowhead, spearhead, or knife, with a characteristic oval shape and fluted edges. Examples, dating from 10,000 to 13,500 B.C.E., have been found only in North and Central America and a few northern parts of South America. It is the best evidence we have so far for what might have been the first identifiable human culture to develop in the New World.

Question 23A culture that developed in the Mississippi Valley, called the _________________________________, constructed huge structures, including domed tombs and rectangular platforms to serve as foundations of palaces and temples. These structure have only recently become the subject of archeological study. One famous site is Cahokia, in southern Illinois.

Question 24The __________________________________ was the first major civilization to exist in Mexico. Today, they are best known for the huge sculpted heads that they left behind, and as the originators of the ritual ball game that was part of many American cultures, including the Maya and the Aztec.

Question 25The development of ___________________________, an alloy of tin and copper that could be melted and then harden in any shape, may have triggered the beginnings of complex civilizations