Harper HUM101 Week 4 Quiz Latest 2021 April

HUM101 ANCIENT THROUGH THE MEDIEVAL WEST

Week 4 Quiz

Question 1The earliest major civilization in the Greek world is called the __________ civilization. It was wealthy, highly advanced, and apparently peaceful, but may have been devastated by the effects of a volcanic eruption on the island of Thera.

Question 2This earliest civilization developed two forms of writing. One is a hieroglyphic type, and the other is now called ________. Unfortunately, neither of these writing systems has been deciphered.

Question 3The first advanced civilization on the mainland of Greece is called the _________. This group of cities was the last stage of the Greek Bronze Age.

Question 4The massive structure now called the ______________ was the entrance to the city of Mycenae, constructed to intimidate enemies.

Question 5The legendary _________ was won by the Greeks, who gave the enemy a gigantic wooden horse as a strategic trick. It was designed to look like a peace offering, but soldiers were hidden inside.

Question 6The term _______________, meaning “eternal glory” referred to the value that Greek society placed on achieving excellence and a lasting reputation through competition.

Question 7The great epic poem that tells about one episode in the Trojan War is called the _______________. It is ascribed to the poet Homer, along with a second epic called the Odyssey.

Question 8The fall of Bronze Age civilization in Greece led to a “Dark Age” until about 700 BCE. This was followed by a period of re-emerging cities, colonization, and cultural development called the _____________Age.

Question 9The center of the Greek social and political system was the ______________, a term that refers to a self-sufficient, independent city-state which each individual identifies as his or her home.

Question 10The writing down of epic poetry was made possible by the Greek adoption of the ____________ alphabet. This alphabet consisted of only about two dozen symbols for sounds, and became the basis for most modern alphabets.

Question 11The shrine to Apollo at ___________________ was one of the most important religious centers in Greece. The Oracle there, embodied in a priestess called the Pythia, was consulted for all important decisions.

Question 12The sculpted figure of an idealized young man is called a__________ figure. Such sculptures were meant to portray perfection in the human form, and obeyed a strict set of rules that guaranteed that each part of the body was in mathematical proportion to all other parts. Early in Greek history, these figures were stiff and rigid, similar to Egyptian sculptures.

Question 13After about 500 B.C.E, sculpted figures started to be posed in a relaxed, natural position called ___________________. This position had the figure’s body slightly twisted, with knees and elbows bent, and weight more on one foot than the other.

Question 14One of the most important of the city-states, Athens, began to develop into a democracy after the statesman _______________ was appointed to resolve the problems that came from debt-slavery.

Question 15The period called the Classical, also called _________________ started after the end of the Persian Wars, and is considered the cultural peak of Greek civilization, particularly for Athens.

Question 16The second major tragic playwright was _________________, the author of the plays, Ajax, which depicts the cruelties of war, and Oedipus the King. This play was considered by Aristotle to be the play that comes closest to perfection.

Question 17The most famous Greek temple is the ___________________, built on the Acropolis in Athens and dedicated to the goddess Athena. It was built with funds from the Delian League treasure and is an excellent example of the use of optical techniques used to create a sense of balance and order.

Question 18The most important leader of Athens during its height was ___________________. He was responsible for the construction of the temples on the Acropolis and for giving a famous speech in defense of democracy at a funeral for men who died in the Peloponnesian Wars.

Question 19The first of Greek philosophy’s most influential figures was ____________________, who believed that asking questions and pushing the individual to confront contradictions in his thinking was the best way to find truth. His trial for impiety and corrupting the youth of Athens resulted in his death, but also in his becoming a lasting symbol of integrity and self-sacrifice in service to truth.

Question 20The student of Plato, named ___________________, was the third great figure at the foundations of Western philosophy. Unlike his teacher, he emphasized the importance of careful, disciplined observation. 

Question 21The period after the death of Alexander the Great in which Greek culture and language, arts, science and philosophy spread and flourished is the called the _____________________ Period.

Question 22The leading city of the last period of Greek dominance was _________________, where the Great Library built by Ptolemy I became the most important center of learning in the Mediterranean world. 

Question 23A mathematician named _____________________ wrote a work entitled, Elements. His work on the basic principles of geometry are still in use.

Question 24Founded by Zeno of Citium, the philosophy called _________________ encouraged acceptance, courage, patience and letting go of emotions to achieve happiness.

Question 25The only playwright whose work has survived from this period is _______________________. Where most of the arts became more dramatic and extreme, his comedies are gentle satires set in middle-class families. Only one of his plays has survived intact, entitled Dyskolos, or The Grouch.