HSC106 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II EXAM 4

Question 1   Arrange these parts of a nephron in the order fluid flows:

 1. Renal corpuscle

2. Collecting duct

3. Loop of Henle

4. Distal tubule

5. Proximal tubule

1,5,3,4,2

 2,4,1,3,5

 2,1,4,5,3

 4,2,3,5,1

Question 2 What is the normal pH range of urine?

1.0 to 2.2

 2.2 to 3.0

 3.0 to 4.2

 4.6 to 8.0

Question 3What blood vessel leads into the glomerulus?

 afferent arteriole

 efferent arteriole

 Bowman’s capsule

 renalhilus

Question 4What is the result of atrial natriuretic hormone secretion?

increased ADH secretion

 decreased sodium reabsorption

 decreased salt appetite

 decreased aldosterone secretion

Question 5 What is a characteristic of the micturition reflex?

is not stimulated or inhibited by higher centers in the brain

 is stimulated by increased pressure in the bladder

 is not stimulated by irritation of the bladder

 is not stimulated by irritation of the urethra

Question 6What is composed of renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules?

proximal tubule

 renal cortex

 distal tubule

 Bowman's capsule

Question 7What characteristic  is common in diabetes mellitus?

increased urine production

 decreased urine production

 rapid weight gain

 decreased thirst

Question 8Which structure secretes an alkaline, viscous fluid that makes up about 60% of the total semen volume?

seminal vesicles

 prostate gland

 bulbourethral glands

 ejaculatory ducts

Question 9How long does the typical menstrual cycle last?

22 days

 28 days

 5 days

 38 days

Question 10Which uterine layer increases in size during pregnancy to accommodate the growing fetus?

Basilar

 Endometrium

 Myometrium

 Epimetrium

Question 11Which structure is severed during tubal ligation?

Uterine ligament

 Ovary

 Broad ligament

 Fallopian tube

Question 12Which structure is altered during vasectomy?

Ejaculatory duct

 Vas deferens

 Epididymis

 Seminal vesicles

Question 13Which hormone determines whether urine will be dilute or concentrated?

ADH

 oxytocin

 renin

 aldosterone

Question 14What is the term for the funnel shaped extensions of the renal pelvis?

calyces

 medulla

 pyramids

 Cortex

Question 15 Approximately how many nephrons does each kidney contain?

250 thousand

 500 thousand

 750 thousand

 one million

Question 16 What is active transport of substances from the blood into the nephron called?

tubular secretion

 tubular reabsorption

 filtration

 osmosis

Question 17 What is the permeability of the distal tubule and the collecting duct controlled by?

ADH

 aldosterone

 atrial natriuretic factor

 carrier molecules

Question 18Which organ is most responsible for maintaining pH of blood and tissue fluid?

pancreas

 liver

 kidneys

 large intestine

Question 19What is the functional unit of the kidney?

 nephron

proximal tubule

 distal tubule

 renal capsule

Question 20What surrounds the kidneys to aid in protection from mechanical injury?

bone

 renal fat pad

 smooth muscle

 connective membrane

Question 21What is the term for movement of water and solutes due to hydrostatic pressure?

filtration

 tubular reabsorption

 tubular secretion

 active transport

Question 22What is the tuft of capillaries in the renal corpuscle called?

podocytes

 glomerulus

 calyx

 renal pyramid

Question 23What process starts the formation of urine in the kidneys?

filtration

 osmosis

 active transport

 diffusion

Question 24Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus formed as it projects between the afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole next to Bowman's capsule?

 glomerulus

arcuate arteries

 proximal tubule

 distal tubule

Question 25What is the fluid in Bowman’s capsule called?

urine

 water

 renal filtrate

 solutes

Question 26What is a characteristic of the location of the kidneys?

the right kidney is slightly lower than the left one

 the right kidney is usually higher than the left one

 their upper borders are about at the level of the third lumbar vertebra

 they are located against the anterior wall of the abdominal cavity

Question 28Which hormone initiates development of ovarian follicles?

FSH

 LH

 estrogen

 progesterone

Question 27Which hormone stimulates ovulation?

FSH

 LH

 Estrogen

 Progesterone

Which hormone is secreted by the ovary?

FSH

 LH

 Estrogen

 GnRH

Question 30Which structure stores and nourishes sperm for a period of 1 - 3 weeks?

epididymis

 ductus deferens

 ejaculatory ducts

 seminalvessicles

Question 31Which hormone stimulates the release of milk from mammary glands?

 Estrogen

Progesterone

Prolactin

Oxytocin

Question 32Where does oogenesis occur?

uterus

ovary

fallopian tube

vaginal wall

Question 33What temperature of the scrotum allows production of viable sperm?

92 degrees

94 degrees

96 degrees

98.6 degrees

Question 34Which of the following secrete testosterone?

Sertoli cells

Seminiferous tubules

Interstitial cells

Epididymis

Question 35Which phase in the menstrual cycle sheds the endometrium?

menstrual phase

follicular phase

luteal phase

endometrial phase

Question 36Which part of the uterus sloughs off after childbirth?

Endometrium

Myometrium

Ectometrium

Serometrium

Question 37What hormone stimulates the ruptured follicle to become the corpus luteum?

FSH

LH

Estrogen

Oxytocin

Question 38In which phase of the menstrual cycle does the ovum mature?

Menstrual

Follicular

Luteal

Functional

Question 39Which structures allow passage of ova toward the uterus?

Graafian follicle

Fallopian tubes

Ovaries

Broad ligament

Question 40Which endocrine gland triggers ovulation?

Ovary

Adrenal gland

Anterior pituitary

Posterior pituitary