Question 1An 11-year-old has been diagnosed with mild intermittent asthma. Which of the following is not a routine part of the clinical management?
Question 2A 14-year-old has a 3-week history of fever, anorexia, and abdominal pain. What additional symptom would cause the NP to suspect Crohn's disease?
Question 3A 9-year-old is diagnosed with dyspepsia without hematemesis, melena, or occult blood. The most appropriate next step is
Question 4Jesse, age 5, has a diagnosis of encopresis. After the diagnosis, what would be your next action?
Question 5A 15-year-old girl has experienced abdominal pain, vomiting, and lethargy for 3 days. Her chest and throat examinations are clear, but her abdominal examination is significant for right lower quadrant pain. Rectal examination is equivocal for pain, and her pelvic examination is remarkable for pain upon movement of her cervix. Laboratory data include elevated white blood cell count, serum glucose level of 145 mg/dL, and serum bicarbonate level of 21mEq/dL. Her urinalysis is remarkable for 1+ white blood cells, 1+ glucose, and 1+ ketones. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Question 6A previously healthy male has a 3-month history of increasing headaches, blurred vision, and personality changes. Previously he admitted to marijuana experimentation more than 1 year ago. On examination he is a healthy, athletic-appearing 17-year-old with decreased extraocular range of motion and left eye visual acuity. Which of the following is the best next step in his management?
Question 7Kelly, your 11-year-old well visit patient, presents to the office with weight loss, polyuria, and polydipsia. Which of the following do you need to rule out?
Question 8Lisa has Cushing's syndrome. You would suspect her to have or to develop
Question 9Tracy, the mother of a 2-year-old, is concerned because her daughter walks on her toes all the time. What do you tell her?
Question 10The peak incidence for adolescent gynecomastia occurs at age
Question 11A 12-year-old girl was brought to the emergency department because of severe sore throat, muffled voice, drooling, and fatigue. She had been sick for the past 3 days and is unable to eat because of painful swallowing. The parents deny any history of recurrent pharyngitis. The patient still managed to open her mouth and you were able to see an abscess at the upper pole of the right tonsil with deviation of the uvula toward the midline. Examination of the neck reveals enlarged and tender lymph nodes. Which of the following is the most appropriate management?
Question 12Newborn R.T. has a vascular lesion that will not fade as she gets older. What is your diagnosis?
Question 13A 16-year-old presents with pharyngitis, cough, and high fever. Her chest x-ray reveals bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Her white blood cell count is normal and the neutrophil count is normal. The most likely etiology is
Question 14A common cause of in-toeing in childhood is
Question 15A 2-year-old presents to your office with the following symptoms: nasal congestion and rhinorrhea for 48 hours, low-grade fever, and a harsh/barky cough that is significantly worse at night. Inspiratory stridor is present and she has clear but slightly decreased breath sounds. Which of the following treatments is best?
Question 16All of the following is treatment for a child with phimosis except
Question 17Which of the following is not a feature of DiGeorge syndrome?
Question 18A small-for-gestational-age, dysmorphic newborn infant has microcephaly and sloping forehead, cutis aplasia (missing portion of the skin and hair) of the scalp, polydactyly, microphthalmia, and omphalocele. Which of these is the most likely diagnosis?
Question 19Which of the following physical stigmata are common in newborns with Down syndrome?
Question 20Which of the following is not associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
Question 21Ana is a 14-year-old female and has not yet started her menstrual cycle. The history is noncontributory and the physical is normal. Mom started her menstrual cycle at 14-years of age. Ana's breast development and pubic hair began about a year ago. Mom is very concerned. The most appropriate initial step would be to
Question 22An 8-month-old baby arrives to the office with his mother with a complaint of decreased left arm movement. He is a product of a normal term pregnancy, has had no medical problems, and was in good health when his mother dropped him off at the daycare center. Upper arm radiographs show a left humerus spiral fracture. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
Question 23An ex-preemie with bronchopulmonary dysplasia has been discharged to home from the NICU. One potential problem area that requires close monitoring is
Question 24The most common central nervous system side effect of mumps in children is
Question 25A 3-year-old presents with macrocephaly, developmental delay, coarse facial features, large tounge, kyphosis, hip dislocation, tonsillar and adenoidal hypertrophy, and hepatomegaly. She is receiving early intervention services without improvement. What is the best next step?
Question 26Which test is routinely recommended for a preparticipation sports physical?
Question 27A 6-year-old male is brought in for evaluation of a painful hip. He has been limping and not wanting to walk for the past 2 days. He has no obvious injury. He feels a little better if he is given ibuprofen. He has not had a fever and does not have any other current symptoms, although he had "the flu" last week. On examination, his vital signs are normal. His right hip has some pain with internal rotation. He walks with a pronounced limp. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
Question 28Which of the following is true regarding the diagnosis of epiglottitis?
Question 29Which of the following is not characteristic of an apparent life-threatening event (ALTE)?
Question 30Lyme disease is most closely associated with which of the following skin lesions?
Question 31A head injury in which bruising or tearing of the cerebral structures occurs is a
Question 32Which of the following vaccines provides protection against a common type of sepsis/meningitis?
Question 33Which of the following is true regarding innocent murmurs?
Question 34Shelby is a healthy 4-week-old who presents to your office in mid-January with a 3-day history of nasal congestion with occasional cough. She started running a low-grade fever last night (T max 101.5°F). Now she is refusing to nurse and has paroxysmal coughing and noisy/labored breathing. Physical exam reveals an ill-appearing infant with lethargy and tachypnea, intercostal retractions, expiratory wheezes, and occasional rales. She does not attend day care but has a 3-year-old sibling who does and who recently had a “cold.” What is the MOST LIKELY cause of Shelby’s illness?
Question 35Individuals with chronic adrenal insufficiency often have
Question 36A 3-year-old presents to your office with a history of wheezing over the last 3 months and has only been moderately responsive to therapy. Which of the following diagnostic tests would be appropriate?
Question 37The most significant major contributor or contributors to asthma morbidity and mortality is/are
Question 38A 3-week-old male infant with 2 days of projectile, nonbilious vomiting and constant feeding. Which of the following is the most likely etiology?
Question 39Dave, age 17, has gynecomastia. You should also assess him for
Question 40Grace, age 15, has been diagnosed with acne. Which of the following is not true with this condition?
Question 41Johnny, age 5, is receiving radiation therapy for his acute lymphocytic leukemia. He is at increased risk of developing which type of cancer as a secondary malignancy when he becomes an adult?
Question 42A 6-year-old boy is left alone for 10 hours, now with hematemesis and pneumomediastinum on chest x-ray. Which of the following is the most likely etiology?
uestion 43A 2-year-old boy is brought in with fever and poor feeding. He started getting sick yesterday and has worsened significantly today. He has had no recent illnesses or injuries, and no known ill contacts. On examination, his temperature is 101°F, he is tachycardic, and he appears ill. He is laying on his back with his left leg flexed and abducted at the hip. The HEENT examination is normal, heart is tachycardic but regular, and the lungs are clear. The abdomen is nontender and has normal bowel sounds. He screams in pain when you move his left leg from its resting position. Blood work reveals an elevated WBC count of 15,000 mm3 and an ERS or 45 mm/h. An x-ray of his left hip shows a widened joint space but no fractures. What is your next step at this point?
Question 44When Jason, age 12, slid into homeplate while playing baseball, he injured his ankle. You are trying to differentiate between a strain and a sprain. You know that a sprain
Question 45Primary dysmenorrhea is due to
Question 46The following clinical description best matches which genetic disorder? A tall, thin 14-year-old boy has no signs of puberty. He was delayed in his speech development and always has done less well in school than his siblings. He is shy, and teachers report his activity is immature. Physical examinationreveals breast development, and long limbs with a decreased upper segment/lower segment ration. He has small testes and phallus.
Question 47The most common cause of primary amenorrhea is
Question 48Seborrhea dermatitis is common for both infants and adolescents. Which is not correct for this condition?
Question 49The condition in adolescents is known as acne with comedones and popular and pustular lesions.
You are seeing a patient you think may have IBD. Which of the following tests would not be helpful?
Question 50Mrs. Bay is upset. She is convinced something is seriously wrong with her son. He is a 2-month-old and frequently vomits after feeding. Which of the following is most suggestive of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)?
Question 51Which of the following symptoms are most suggestive of pneumonia in a young child?
Question 52During the 2-year-old well-child visit, the child's mother shows you a picture from the birthday party. You notice only one eye has a red reflex on the picture. When you do the exam, in the right eye, you notice leukocoria. What is your diagnosis?
Question 53A 3-week old presents to the office in January with a 1-week history of nasal congestion and occasional cough. On the night prior to the visit in infant developed a fever 102ºF rectally, was difficult to breastfeed, and had paroxysmal coughing and noisy, labored breathing. On exam, you note an ill-appearing infant who is lethargic with wheezing, tachypnea, and intercostal retractions. The infant is home with the mom at this time; however, has a sibling who is 4-years-old and is in daycare and recently had cold symptoms. Based on the clinical presentations, what is the most likely cause of the infant’s illness?
Question 54A 15-day-old infant has respiratory distress. A quick observation suggests she has slight cyanosis, hepatosplenomegaly, and features consistent with Down Syndrome. The cardiac examination demonstrates a loud first heart sound, a low-pitched, mid-diastolic murmur at the lower left sternal border, and a harsh apical holosystolic murmur in the mitral area. Which of the following cardiac conditions most likely explains her heart findings?
Question 55Which of the following objective data are associated with significantly better long-term outcomes in children born with open spina bifida?
Question 56Unilateral wheezing is a finding suggestive of
Question 57Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of congenital hypothyroidism?
Question 58Sam is a healthy 17-year-old student. He is thinking about having sex and asks for more information about condoms. You give him all of the following information except
Question 59Antibiotic therapy is one of the mainstays of treatment for which of the following causes of wheezing?
Question 60Which of the following patients least warrents a sweat chloride test?
Question 612-year-old male with recurrent pneumonia and growth parameters at 5% for age.
A healthy 8-month-old infant presents with diarrhea but no dehydration. What is the best advice to give to the parents?
Question 62When examining a child with abdominal pain, what symptom would lead to a likely organic etiology?
Question 63Hope is a 7-month-old who presents in January with a 1-day history of cough, yellow nasal discharge, and low-grade temp (T max 100°F). She was previously healthy. She does have 2+ edema of the nasal turbinates and cloudy rhinorrhea. She is afebrile in the office. Her chest, mouth, and ears are clear.
Question 64Which of the following is not found in an adolescent with untreated Graves' disease?
Question 65Hypercholesterolemia in children older than 2 is defined as a total cholesterol at or above
Question 66During a track and field meet, a 16-year-old male pole-vaulter falls to the ground screaming in pain. He complains of intense pain in his right scrotum. He vomits twice while waiting for the ambulance. He most likely has
Question 67In mild to moderate attacks of acute asthma, Albuterol should be given every 4-6 hours prn and routine medication should be
Question 68A common presenting symptom of inflammatory bowel disease is
Question 69A 2-year-old girl has increased work of breathing. Her father notes she had cough and subjective fever over the past 3 days. She has been complaining that her “belly hurts” and has experienced one episode of post-tussive emesis but no diarrhea. Her immunizations are current, and she is otherwise healthy. Her temperature is 102°F. She is somnolent but easily aroused. Respirations are 28 breaths/min, and her examination is remarkable for decreased breath sounds at the left base posteriorly with prominent crackles. Which of the following acute interventions is the LEAST likely to assist in the diagnosis?
Question 70Your patient has inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following finding is most consistent with ulcerative colitis?
