BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 1 Discussion
Blood Type and COVID-19 Symptoms
Directions:
Does blood type influence COVID-19 symptoms? Research regarding variable presentations of COVID-19 continues rapidly. Some of this new research hypothesizes blood type influences.
Initial Post
Read ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data. Focus on the general concepts, as opposed to understanding every word.
After completing the reading, answer the following question for your initial post: “How does blood type influence symptom variations in people exposed to COVID-19?”
Use the assigned article, with appropriate APA citations, to support your position.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share how your findings and conclusions related to a peer’s initial posting position. Focus on the similarities and differences in key findings. You may use the assigned article or other credible references of your own selection to support your follow-up post(s).
Additional Resources
FAQ: How can I write a really good discussion post?
Reference(s)
Pendu, J. L., Breiman, A., Rocher, J., Dion, M., & Ruvoën-Clouet, N. (2021). ABO Blood Types and COVID-19: Spurious, Anecdotal, or Truly Important Relationships? A Reasoned Review of Available Data. Viruses, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/v13020160
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 2 Discussion
Cardiovascular Disease
Directions:
According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of deaths in the United States, equating to about 1 in every 4 deaths. In 2018, the CDC published updated best practice strategies to help decrease cardiovascular disease risks.
Initial Post
View Best Practices for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Programs. On this website, select one of the best practice strategies. Within each practice strategy, you will find three tabs: evidence of effectiveness, evidence of impact, and implementation considerations. In your initial post, use these key categories to address the following question:
How effective is this practice?
What kind of impact does this practice have?
What are the top considerations in implementing this strategy in your community?
Be sure to support your positions with APA formatted in-text citations and references from the assigned resource.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share whether the practice you researched is more or less effective, impactful, and implementable than the one your peer shared. Support your position with the assigned resource, as well as your observations in your community.
Reference(s)
CDC. (2018). Best Practices for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Programs. https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/pubs/guides/best-practices/index.htm
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 3 Discussion
Hypercholesterolemia
Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels in the blood) is associated with various cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Research how hypercholesterolemia develops, as well as its complications.
Initial Post
A common treatment for hypercholesterolemia is a class of drugs called statins. In your post, address the following questions:
Are statins the best course of treatment for hypercholesterolemia in adults? Why or why not?
Should they be prescribed to adults with hypercholesterolemia with no evidence of heart disease?
Should teenagers be prescribed statins if they are diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia? Why or why not?
Is there a better solution for these situations?
Be sure to support your positions with APA formatted in-text citations and references from a credible resource.
Reply Post
In your reply post, consider a peer’s perspective, and share how your research and experiences either further support your peer’s perspective, or offer alternatives to your peer’s perspective. Support your position with at least one credible resource, as well as your own experiences. You may use the same resource as you used to support your initial post.
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 4 Discussion
COVID-19 Vaccine Immunity
Directions:
Ways to build immunity have come to the news forefront during the COVID-19 pandemic. While vaccines to build immunity are not new concepts, variations in mechanism of action vary based on the target pathogen.
Initial Post
View Understanding how COVID-19 vaccines work.
After reading your assigned textbook reading for this and the assigned article, describe what kind of immunity COVID-19 vaccines provide, and how this is different than a flu vaccine.
Be sure to support your positions with APA formatted in-text citations and references from the assigned resource.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share how your understanding of COVID-19 and flu vaccine-induced immunity are similar or different than a peer’s post. Support your position with the assigned resource, as well as any other credible resources of your own selection.
Reference(s)
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. (2021, March 9). Understanding how COVID-19 vaccines work. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/how-they-work.html
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 5 Discussion
Smoking Cessation
Directions:
Smoking cessation continues to be a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiorespiratory and total body wellness. Many options, such as e-cigarettes and vaping, have come to the forefront as cessation alternatives, but studies on safety are lacking. As a healthcare provider, you are likely to encounter questions on strategies for smoking cessation and alternatives.
Initial Post
View Smoking cessation: The role of healthcare professionals and health systems.
After consulting your assigned textbook reading for this and the article cited here, answer each of the following questions:
What is the role of healthcare providers and healthcare systems in smoking cessation?
Are e-cigarettes and vaping safer than traditional cigarette smoking? Explain.
What is one physiological reason that smoking increases cardiorespiratory or other health risks?
Be sure to support your positions with APA formatted in-text citations and references from the assigned resource. You may also use other scholarly resources to support your opinions.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share how your understanding of how healthcare provider roles in counseling smoking cessation are similar or different than a peer’s post. Support your position with the assigned resource, as well as any other credible resources of your own selection, and/or personal experiences.
Reference(s)
Smoking Cessation – the Role of Healthcare Professionals and Health Systems retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2020-smoking-cessation/fact-sheets/healthcare-professionals-health-systems/index.html
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 6 Discussion
Digestion and Psychology
Directions:
How do anatomical and physiological changes impact digestive pathology presentation? What is the link between digestion and psychology? In this discussion we will explore both concepts, as interest in both managing digestive disorders and psychological presentations represent growing fields.
Initial Post
Read the introduction, conclusion, and one section regarding a condition that piques your interest in Intestinal epithelial barrier and neuromuscular compartment in health and disease.
Focus on the general concepts, as opposed to understanding every word. After completing the reading, answer the following question for your initial post: “How does digestive physiology lead to a specific pathological presentation?” You may choose which digestive pathology you’d like to focus on.
Use the assigned article, with appropriate APA citations, to support your position with at least 5-6 sentences to support your case.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share what factors you find most surprising, as well as any experiences and questions you have about digestive system physiology and pathology presentation. You may use the assigned article, or other credible references of your own selection to support your follow-up post(s).
Reference(s)
D'Antongiovanni, V., Pellegrini, C., Fornai, M., Colucci, R., Blandizzi, C., Antonioli, L., & Bernardini, N. (2020). Intestinal epithelial barrier and neuromuscular compartment in health and disease. World journal of gastroenterology, 26(14), 1564–1579. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v26.i14.1564
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 7 Discussion
Differentiating Nutrition Science from Media
Directions:
More people are becoming interested in detox diets and organ health. As a health educator, one of your roles is differentiating evidence versus popular media and marketing. In this discussion, we will explore evidence that supports the role of nutrition in liver health to add to your ability to differentiate nutrition science from media.
Initial post:
Start by reading the article titled, Impact of nutritional changes on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Focus on the general concepts, as opposed to understanding every word. After completing the reading, answer the following question for your initial post: “What evidence-based general nutrition recommendations would you share with patients interested in liver health?”
Use the assigned article, with appropriate APA citations, to support your position with at least 5-6 sentences to support your case.
Reply post:
In your reply post, share what factors you find most surprising, as well as any experiences and questions you have about the relation of evidence-based nutrition to liver health. You may use the assigned article, or other credible references of your own selection to support your follow-up post(s).
Reference(s)
Perdomo, C. M., Frühbeck, G., & Escalada, J. (2019). Impact of nutritional changes on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutrients, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030677
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 8 Discussion
Urinalysis
Directions:
Urinalysis is a common non-invasive component of primary care screening, pathology screening, and drug metabolite testing. Urine is often viewed as a waste product, but newer research suggests that urine can offer more insight into health.
Initial Post
Read Urinology Think Tank Writing Group.
Focus on the general concepts, as opposed to understanding every word. After completing the reading, answer the following question for your initial post: “What future insights may urine be able to offer us in health and wellness?”
Use the assigned article, with appropriate APA citations, to support your position with at least 5-6 sentences to support your case.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share what factors you find most surprising, as well as any experiences and questions you have about urinary system health. You may use the assigned article, or other credible references of your own selection to support your follow-up post(s).
Reference(s)
Urinology Think Tank Writing Group (2018). Urine: Waste product or biologically active tissue?. Neurourology and urodynamics, 37(3), 1162–1168. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23414 Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5897180/
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 9 Discussion
Benefits and Risks of Contraception
Directions:
You are attending a primary care visit with your teenage female relative. The primary care physician asks if she is taking birth control pills. She is not, but is considering it. You hear the primary care doctor share the benefits, but not the risks. You begin researching risks to help with a fully informed opinion.
Initial Post
Read Different combined oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thrombosis: systematic review and network meta-analysis.
After reading the assigned article, answer the following question: “Would you recommend birth control pills to your teenage daughter or a best friend’s teenage daughter? Why or why not.
Be sure to support your positions with APA formatted in-text citations and references from the assigned resource.
Reply Post
In your reply post, compare and contrast other forms of birth control. Which would be your top recommendation for a teenager? Why?
BSC2089 Human Anatomy and Physiology II
Module 10 Discussion
Nutrition for Maternal and Fetal Health
Directions:
Nutrition is a large component of maternal and fetal health, and some nutrition choices can have impacts that last a lifespan. With your studies in healthcare, patients, friends, and family members are likely to ask for your informed opinion regarding maternal nutrition choices.
Initial Post
View Eating Disorders During Gestation: Implications for Mother's Health, Fetal Outcomes, and Epigenetic Changes.
Read the introduction, and at least one section of your own selection in the remainder of the article. Then, answer the following question: “How does maternal nutrition affect maternal and/or fetal health?” Provide specific examples.
Be sure to support your positions with APA formatted in-text citations and references from the assigned resource.
Reply Post
In your reply post, share how your understanding of nutrition-related maternal and fetal health are similar or different than a peer’s post. Support your position with the assigned resource, as well as any other credible resources you would like.