DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 1 Discussion
Create Your Own Developmental Stage
Directions:
In this module, you explored several theories of human development including a psychodynamic theory advanced by Freud which was later built upon by Erikson. Although the initial stages of Erikson's work parallels Freud's, Erikson's theory introduced three adult stages resulting in a more comprehensive lifespan view of psychosocial development.
In your initial post:
Apply Erikson's theory to your own development and identify which of Erikson's developmental stages you are in currently.
Based on your experiences or what you have witnessed in others, suggest a new stage of development to further Erikson's theory. Be sure to give your new stage a name, describe its characteristics (age span, behaviors, challenges, etc.), and ensure that it's clear where it would be inserted into Erikson's existing stages.
Describe whether or not you have achieved the goal of your newly created developmental stage.
Review the posts made by your classmates and reply to at least two explaining how you have achieved (or how you could achieve) their developmental stage according to Erickson's theory.
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 2 Discussion
Genetic Screening
Directions:
In the United States, most state health departments require screening for genetic disorders in newborns. Some states go so far as to require pre-marriage genetic testing, where they examine the potential parents for risk of genetic disorders in their offspring. It's worth noting, however, that some states allow for exemptions from testing based on religious convictions or other established reasons.
In your initial post, state whether or not you believe it's appropriate for states to require pre-marriage genetic testing. Explain your reasoning and support your position with credible resources.
Review the posts made by your classmates and reply to at least two who took a position other than your own. Reply to those posts indicating which aspect(s) of their reasoning you found most compelling.
Remember to be respectful of others' views even when you disagree.
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 3 Discussion
Parenting Styles
Directions:
In your initial post, consider the Four Prototypic Dimensions of Parenting and address the following:
Which style best describes the approach used by your parents/guardians when you were growing up?
Which style do you (or would you) use with your children?
What impact do you think the parenting-style you experienced growing up has had on you? Has it influenced (or would it influence) your style as a parent?
Be sure to support your responses and give examples.
Review the posts made by your classmates and reply to at least two that experienced a different upbringing or explained a perspective you did not consider. Reply to those posts indicating which aspect(s) of their reasoning you found most compelling.
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 4 Discussion
Puberty
Directions:
This module introduces the topic of puberty and explores how children develop physically, psychosocially, and cognitively during this time. Often, parents/caregivers are not comfortable talking with children about the changes they experience during puberty and, consequently, leave children to figure things out on their own.
As a parent/guardian, what do you think would be important to tell a child about puberty? Describe at least one thing you would explain from each of the following categories:
physical changes
psychosocial changes
cognitive changes
Review the posts made by your classmates and reply to at least two that explained different aspects of puberty you did not consider. Reply to those posts indicating which aspect(s) of their reasoning you found most compelling.
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 5 Discussion
Living Arrangements for the Elderly
Explain the positive and negative aspects of the living arrangements for the elderly listed below. Be sure to thoroughly evaluate each option.
Living in own home
Living with their children
Assisted living facility
Nursing home with intermediate care
Nursing home with skilled nursing care and make recommendations for healthy and disabled elderly
Review the posts made by your classmates and reply to at least two that explored ideas different from your list. Reply to those posts indicating which aspect(s) of their reasoning you found most compelling.
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 6 Discussion
Women Outliving Men
While life expectancy continue to increase, differences exist between men and women. As a general rule, women outlive men, yet there are a few countries where men survive longer than women.
What are some reasons females outlive men in the United States and most countries of the world?
What are some reasons that men outlive women in countries other than the United States?
What are some of the factors that contribute to these gender differences?
Review the posts made by your classmates and reply to at least two that explored ideas different from yours. Reply to those posts indicating which aspect(s) of their response you found most fascinating.
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 1 Assignment
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
Headings for the Written Assignment
Introduction
Responsibilities of IRB
Organization
Specific Guidelines
Conclusion
References
In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, conduct research on the topic of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and address the following:
Explain the primary responsibilities and priorities of the IRB.
Identify an organization, such as a research hospital or pharmaceutical company, that involves human research subjects including all of the following at-risk populations:
children
women
minorities
cognitively impaired subjects
Describe the organization's specific guidelines/policies regarding conducting research on each of the at-risk, human populations listed above.
Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 2 Assignment
Breastfeeding
Assignment Content
Please use the following headings
Introduction
Advantages and Disadvantages Breastfeeding
Advantages and Disadvantages Formula Feeding
Impact of Breastfeeding
Legal Issues
Conclusion
References
In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of breastfeeding and address the following:
Explain at least 3 advantages and 3 potential disadvantages or concerns related to breastfeeding.
Explain at least 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages or concerns about formula feeding.
Describe the impact that breastfeeding has on a working mother.
Describe at least 1 legal issue and/or recent legislation related to breastfeeding.
Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 2 Assignment
Learning Disability
Assignment Content
Please use the following headings in your papers
Heading for the Written Assignment
Introduction
Stages of Development
Speech Disorders
Language Disorders
Speech Language Pathologist
Conclusion
References
In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of learning disabilities of American children and address the following:
When is a child's communication considered delayed? Please include stages of development regarding communication with examples.
What are speech disorders and how are they characterized?
What are language disorders? How does they affect language development and education?
How does a speech language pathologist help children with communication disorders? Explain with specific techniques and examples.
Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 3 Assignment
Peer and Family Influence on Self-esteem
Assignment Content
Imagine you have been asked to speak to a group of parents about promoting self-esteem in school-age children. You need to research the topic and prepare a visually appealing PowerPoint slideshow to accompany your presentation. Your PowerPoint slideshow will need to:
Have a title slide.
Contain 5-10 content slides that include Speaker Notes which provide supporting details to use when elaborating on the slide contents.
Address the following questions:
How does level of self-esteem typically change during middle childhood? What factors contribute to this change?
What are some influences on school-age children's self-esteem?
Does very high self-esteem always have positive effects on children's adjustment? Why or why not?
What are the typical consequences of low self-esteem?
What are some other strategies that parents and teachers can use to promote children's self-esteem? What behaviors should adults avoid, and why?
Be written using proper spelling/grammar.
Cite at least 3 academic references and present the sources in APA format on a References slide.
For information about creating PowerPoint presentations or how to add Speaker Notes, consult the resources below.
Writing Guide: PowerPoints
How do I add speaker notes to my PowerPoint presentation slides?
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".pptx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
Jstudent_exampleproblem_101504
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 4 Assignment
Eating Disorders
Please use the following headings in your written assignment
Introduction
Compare and Contrast
More likely to Suffer
Contributing to Anorexia Nervosa
Consequences of Eating Disorders
Diagnose Eating Disorders
Treatment and Support
Conclusion
References
In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of eating disorders and address the following:
Compare and contrast anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Who is more likely to suffer from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa? Why?
What are the causes contributing to anorexia nervosa?
What are the consequences of eating disorders?
How can one diagnose eating disorders?
What are the treatment and support options for a person who has eating disorders?
Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 4 Assignment
Portrayal of Families and Relationships
Please use the following heading in your paper:
Introduction
Families/Personal Relationships
Relationship Characteristics
Conclusion
References
As societal-norms evolve, a variety of popular entertainment media (books, movies, TV shows, etc.) feature stories of characters who are a part of traditional and non-traditional family or relationship structures. Examples include but are not limited to: traditional families, cohabitation, single-parent households, blended families, same-sex couples, and grandparents as the primary care-givers for their grandchildren.
In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, address the following:
Describe a book, movie, or TV show that you are familiar with which features characters in families or personal relationships.
Select at least two families/relationships from your chosen story and explain the relationship characteristics and dynamics between individuals.
Apply terminology presented within the module when analyzing the relationships. Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 5 Assignment
Menopause
Please use the following headings in your written assignment
Introduction
Types of Menopause
Signs of Menopause
Life Changes
Higher Risk
Traditional and Alternative Therapies
Guidelines
Conclusion
References
In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of menopause and address the following:
Explain perimenopause, surgical menopause, stress menopause, and postmenopause.
Describe the signs of menopause.
Which other life changes (e.g., physical, psychosocial, and cognitive) may influence a women's experience during menopause?
Which women are at the highest risk for osteoporosis?
Describe the traditional and alternative therapies for the conditions associated with menopause.
Suggest appropriate health, nutrition, and exercise guidelines for middle-aged and older adults.
Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 5 Assignment
Depression in the Elderly
Assignment Content
Please use the following headings in your written assignment
Introduction
Clinical Depression
Consequences of
Behaviors
Therapy
Conclusion
References
Depression in later life is usually diagnosed on the basis of two clusters of symptoms: feelings and physical changes. In a 3-page paper, written in APA format using proper spelling/grammar, research the topic of depression in the elderly and address the following:
How would one know if an elderly relative had clinical depression or was sad because of specific life changes and losses?
What are the consequences of depression in the elderly?
Which behaviors would indicate a person going through depression needs therapy?
What kind of therapy would a professional recommend and why?
Be sure to include APA citations for any resources you used as references.
Rasmussen's Library and Learning Services team has developed a variety of Guides to help support students' academic endeavors. For this assignment, the Writing Guide and APA Guide may both be helpful. Also consider submitting each assignment to the online Writing Lab for feedback on your draft prior to submitting it for grading. You will find links to these Guides as well as other writing resources and services on the Resources tab.
Submit your completed assignment to the drop box below. Please check the Course Calendar for specific due dates.
Save your assignment as a Microsoft Word document. (Mac users, please remember to append the ".docx" extension to the filename.) The name of the file should be your first initial and last name, followed by an underscore and the name of the assignment, and an underscore and the date. An example is shown below:
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 3 Midterm Exam
Assignment Content
1. This exam will randomly draw 30 questions from a question pool. This is a timed exam, and is set for 60 minutes. You only have one opportunity to complete this exam. During the exam, you will be alerted when you have used half your time, and again when you have 5 minutes, 1 minute, and 30 seconds remaining. Once time has expired, your exam will be automatically submitted.
By starting this exam you agree to abide by the Academic Misconduct Policy set forth in the course syllabus. You acknowledge that your failure to do so could result in being expelled from the course.
Question 1School-age children with a strong sense of attachment security and whose parents use a(n) __________ child-rearing style feel especially good about themselves.
1. authoritative
2. authoritarian
3. permissive
4. uninvolved
Question 2__________ fosters a more positive, coherent early self-concept.
1. Permissive parenting
2. A warm, sensitive parent-child relationship
3. Authoritarian parenting
4.Strong identification with an other-sex parent
Question 3__________ disrupts the brain's regulation of hunger and metabolism.
1. Self-regulation
2. Frequent eating out
3. Reduced sleep
4. Using screen media
Question 4__________ is the least-developed of the newborn baby's senses.
1. Taste
2. Sound
3. Vision
4. Touch
Question 5Children in middle childhood are in Piaget's __________ stage, which extends from about 7 to 11 years.
1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
Question 6__________ refers to quickness and intensity of emotional arousal, attention, and motor activity.
1. Temperament
2. Reactivity
3.Effortful control
4. Self-regulation
Question 7
1. 6 months; 4 months
2.1 year; 4 months
3. 1 year; 6 months
4. 2 years; 6 months
Question 8 Spatial skills __________.
1. increase exponentially in early childhood
2.support children's improved executive function
3.develop gradually over childhood and adolescence
4. are typically housed in the left hemisphere
Question 9 Language skills __________.
1. peak during adolescence
2. are usually located in the right hemisphere
3. develop gradually during early childhood
4.expand at an astonishing pace in early childhood
Question 10According to social learning theory, __________ come(s) before __________ in the development of gender identity.
1.behavior; self-perceptions
2. self-perceptions; gender awareness
3. self-perceptions; behavior
4. gender constancy; gender awareness
Question 11According to __________ theory, modeling is a powerful source of development.
1. reinforcement
2. operant conditioning
3. social learning
4. classical conditioning
Question 12Nine-month-old Avery can retrieve his ball when his mother hides it under a blanket. Avery has begun to master __________.
1.the tertiary circular reaction
2. reflexive schemes
3. object permanence
4. deferred imitation
Question 13Erikson's sense of __________ combines several developments of middle childhood: a positive but realistic self-concept, pride in accomplishment, moral responsibility, and cooperative participation with agemates.
1. trust
2. autonomy
3. identity
4. industry
Question 14 Developmental science is __________ because it has grown through the combined efforts of people from many fields of study.
1.interdisciplinary
2. empirical
3.applied
4. theoretical
Question 15__________ does not rank well on any key measure of children's health and well-being.
1.Sweden
2. Spain
3.Australia
4. The United States
Question 16Heaven was born several weeks before her due date. Although she was small, her birth weight was appropriate, based on time spent in the uterus. Heaven is a __________ infant.
1. small-for-date
2. small-for-weight
3. mature
4. preterm
Question 17Piaget believed that __________ leads to internal images of experience, which children then label with words.
1. imagination
2. intentional behavior
3. sensorimotor activity
4. role playing
Question 18Currently, most kinship findings support a __________ role for heredity in __________.
1.strong; intelligence
2. moderate; intelligence
3. strong; anxiety
4. weak; personality
Question 19According to Erikson, the danger in middle childhood is __________, reflected in the pessimism of children who lack confidence in their ability to do things well.
1. shame
2. mistrust
3. inferiority
4. despair
Question 20Self-esteem takes on a hierarchical structure in __________.
1.toddlerhood
2. preschool
3. middle childhood
4. adolescence
Question 21The leading cause of childhood mortality in industrialized nations is __________.
1.malnutrition
2. diarrhea
3. childhood diseases
4.unintentional injuries
Question 22According to the cognitive perspective of perceptual development, babies __________.
1. are blank slates
2. impose meaning on what they perceive
3. actively search for discontinuous stimuli
4. seek variant features in the environment
Question 23School-age children master concrete operational tasks __________.
1. all at once
2. gradually, in a continuum of acquisition
3. much later than Piaget believed
4. after they master abstract thinking
Question 24The term teratogen refers to __________.
1.any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period
2. a limited time span during which a part of the body is biologically prepared to develop rapidly
3. a rapid period of prenatal neurological development
4. a synthetic hormone used to prevent miscarriage
Question 25A __________ is a means of building schemes in which an infant who has stumbled onto a new experience caused by his or her own motor activity tries to repeat the event again and again.
1. sensorimotor reflex
2. circular reaction
3. mental representation
4. goal-directed behavior
Question 26Fraternal twins are __________.
1. genetically identical
2. no more alike than ordinary siblings
3. less common than other types of multiple offspring
4. less likely with each additional birth
Question 27Freud believed that moral development is largely complete by __________ years of age.
1. 1 to 2
2.3 to 4
3. 5 to 6
4. 8 to 10
Question 28In all societies studied, the most common attachment quality is the __________ pattern.
1. insecure-avoidant
2. insecure-resistant
3. disorganized/disoriented
4. secure
Question 29Vygotsky saw __________ as the foundation for all higher cognitive processes.
1.egocentrism
2. language
3. sensorimotor activity
4. self-reflection
Question 30Piaget's __________ stage is the most complex period of development.
1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
DEP2004 Human Growth and Development
Module 6 Final Exam
Question 1The negative outcome of Erikson's midlife stage, stagnation, focuses on __________.
role confusion
selflessness
self-indulgence
guilt and shame
Question 2__________ is the best available predictor of infant survival and healthy development.
Birth length
Combined Apgar score
Delivery date
Birth weight
Question 3In operant conditioning, a stimulus that increases the occurrence of a response is called a __________.
reinforcer
punishment
neutral stimulus
conditioned stimulus
Question 4If learning has occurred in classical conditioning, and the neutral stimulus by itself produces a response similar to the reflexive response, the neutral stimulus is then called a __________.
neutral response
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
reinforcer
Question 5The more a mental ability depends on __________ intelligence, the earlier it starts to decline.
fluid
crystallized
emotional
cultural
Question 6In adulthood, __________ is associated with cognitive flexibility, creativity, advanced moral reasoning, and psychosocial maturity.
femininity
masculinity
androgyny
asexuality
Question 7According to Erikson, __________ occurs when aging adults feel they have made many wrong decisions, yet time is too short to find an alternate route to integrity.
mistrust
despair
stagnation
isolation
Question 8To study the impact of biological aging on motor skills, researchers focus on __________.
sedentary adults
competitive athletes
men in their mid- to late thirties
women in their childbearing years
Question 9The negative outcome of Erikson's midlife stage, stagnation, focuses on __________.
role confusion
selflessness
self-indulgence
guilt and shame
Question 10Adults often provide indirect feedback about grammar by using __________, which restructures inaccurate speech into correct form.
fast-mapping
an expansion
overregularization
a recast
Question 11Moral reasoning typically progresses to Kohlberg's higher stages the longer a person __________.
is alive
attend church
remains in school
is employed
Question 12Although Betty grew up in a rundown neighborhood, had divorced parents, and rarely saw her father, she is a successful, happy, and healthy adult. Betty's ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats to development is known as __________.
assimilation
resilience
age-graded development
multidimensional development
Question 13The __________ is the conscious, reflective part of our mental system.
sensory register
central executive
short-term memory store
automatic cognitive processor
Question 14At Kohlberg's Stage __________, individuals can imagine alternatives to their own social order, and they emphasize fair procedures for interpreting and changing the law.
3, the "good boy?good girl" orientation
4, the social-order-maintaining orientation
5, the social contract orientation
6, the universal ethical principle orientation
Question 15According to Jean Piaget, __________ is the balance between internal structures and information that children encounter in their everyday worlds.
imitation
adaptation
cognition
equilibrium
Question 16A combined Apgar score of __________ indicates that the infant is in good physical condition.
less than 3
3 or 4
5 or 6
7 or better
Question 17Carly, age 24, has a 22 percent increase over average body weight, based on her age, sex, and physical build. Carly is __________.
an obese adult
overweight, but not obese
probably suffering from a metabolic disorder
heavyset, but not overweight
Question 18Vygotsky's theory __________.
focuses on how basic motor skills contribute to socially transmitted higher cognitive processes
pays more attention than Piaget's to the development of basic cognitive processes
helps us understand the wide cultural variation in children's cognitive skills
addresses how elementary capacities spark changes in children's social experiences
Question 19Ivan Pavlov discovered __________.
observational learning
classical conditioning
the ego's positive contributions to development
the clinical method
Question 20When Reggie takes his baby son, Tyson, to his workplace for the first time, Reggie's assistant abruptly picks Tyson up and walks around the office. Tyson cries and reaches out for Reggie. Tyson is expressing __________.
sadness
stranger anxiety
separation anxiety
disgust
Question 21Typical parents give their sons toys that emphasize __________.
cooperation
nurturance
competition
physical attractiveness
Question 22Basic emotions __________.
appear in the middle of the second year
are universal in humans
are found only among humans
involve injury to our sense of self
Question 23Women who __________ tend to reach menopause earlier.
have had two or more children
do not smoke
have not borne children
have borne twins
Question 24According to Erikson, the major personality attainment of adolescence is __________.
trust
identity
autonomy
intimacy
Question 25__________ parenting in particular is linked to emerging adults' psychological well-being.
Overprotective
Permissive
Autonomy-supportive
Helicopter
Question 26The immune response is the combined work of specialized cells that neutralize or destroy __________ in the body.
T cells
B cells
telomeres
antigens
Question 27__________ increase(s) from early to middle adulthood.
Possible selves
Self-doubt
Destructiveness
Autonomy
Question 28In __________ coping, children appraise the situation as changeable, identify the difficulty, and decide what to do about it.
problem-centered
emotion-centered
effort-centered
avoidant
Question 29Within the family life cycle, stress tends to be greatest __________.
in early adulthood
in middle age
in late adulthood
during transitions between phases
Question 30Jennifer, age 45, is a Girl Scout leader. She really enjoys giving to and guiding the next generation. According to Erikson, Jennifer has developed a sense of __________.
autonomy
intimacy
stagnation
generativity
Question 31The information-processing perspective __________.
examines separate aspects of thinking
fails to consider biological influences on cognitive development
applies only to children in cultures having formal schooling
focuses on overall cognitive change
Question 32__________ may heighten the effects of a high-fat diet.
Sex hormones
Over-the-counter medications
Free radicals
Low body weight
Question 33Today, Albert Bandura's theory stresses the importance of __________.
behavior modification
punishment
cognition
reinforcement
Question 34By age 2, children __________.
take turns in face-to-face interaction
can infer a speaker's indirectly expressed intention
adjust their speech to fit the age of their listeners
adjust their speech to fit the social status of their listeners
Question 35Depression __________.
declines with age
responds to treatment that is completely covered by Medicare
is rarely related to physical illness or pain
can lead to cognitive deterioration
Question 36Which of the following is a self-conscious emotion?
guilt
happiness
interest
fear
Question 37Erikson believed that successful resolution of intimacy versus isolation prepares the individual for the middle adulthood stage, which focuses on __________.
initiative
autonomy
generativity
industry
Question 38Which parenting style is predictive of high self-esteem in adolescence?
uninvolved
authoritarian
authoritative
permissive
Question 39__________ love is strong at the beginning of a relationship.
Compassionate
Affectionate
Passionate
Companionate
Question 40The connection between more mature moral reasoning and action is __________.
nil
weak
modest
strong
Question 41Between 6 and 10 weeks, the parent's communication with the infant evokes __________.
the social smile
laughter
social referencing
secure attachment
Question 42Newborn babies respond with __________ to changes in body temperature.
fear
generalized distress
generalized happiness
surprise
Question 43As __________, length of life increases.
education decreases
income decreases
education and income increase
incidence of diseases increases
Question 44__________ disrupts the brain's regulation of hunger and metabolism.
Self-regulation
Frequent eating out
Reduced sleep
Using screen media
Question 45In egalitarian marriages, __________.
there is a clear division of roles
partners share power and authority
the husband is the head of the household
the wife is responsible for family economic well-being
Question 46__________ is the most consistent predictor of marital stability.
Religious similarity
Age at marriage
Acceptance of in-laws
Educational level
Question 47Striving for continuity is essential for attaining Erikson's sense of __________, which depends on preserving a sense of personal history.
intimacy
ego identity
ego integrity
initiative
Question 48Pregnant women are wise to avoid eating __________, which are heavily contaminated with __________.
long-lived predatory fish; mercury
freshwater fish; lead
long-lived predatory fish; lead
freshwater fish; radiation
Question 49The judgments that make up self-__________ are among the most important aspects of self-development because they affect our emotional experiences, future behavior, and long-term psychological adjustment.
awareness
esteem
control
talk
Question 50__________ is strongly associated with healthy eating in teenagers.
Vitamin supplementation
Number of hours of sleep
Dieting in adolescence
Frequency of family meals
