UMGC ENMT495 Week 4 Quiz Latest 2021 October

ENMT495 Global Environmental Management Issues

Week 4 Quiz

Question 1          Which of these are ways to prevent pollution?  Check all that apply.

Inventory Management

Reformulation or redesign of products

Material or feed-stock substitutions

Spills or leak prevention

Question 2          Using an off-gas system to control sulfur oxides and soot emissions is an example of ________environmental technology.

Avoidance

Monitoring

Control

Remediation

Question 3          A revenue-neutral, border corrected carbon fee is an example of: (Check all that apply)

Command and control regulations

Legislation to help set a market signal for transition out of fossil fuel

Legislation to encourage markets to find less intensive carbon sources for energy

Something that can solve all local environmental issues.

Question 4          Social cost of burning fossil fuel in the U.S. include:  (Check all that apply)

Cheaper foods

More isolated communities

Increased cases of heart disease

Increased cases of asthma

Environmental justice issues

Question 5          Which of these statements are correct about NAAQS?  Check all that apply.

NAAQS is administered by the EPA

NAAQS are technology-based

It stands for National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NAAQS applies to end-of-pipe emissions.

They are voluntary standards

 

NAAQS applies to both indoor and outdoor air

Question 6          Which of the following statements are correct about the two surfaces shown above? (Check all that apply)

The surface pictured in (a) has the lower albedo than the one pictured in (b)

With a negative feedback cycle for climate change, the surface shown in (b) would be changed to the surface shown in (a)

The surface pictured in (b) has greater reflectivity than the surface pictured in (a)

Changes in either of these surfaces to the other could produce a negative feedback cycle

Question 7          Which of the following are reasons for business to implement sustainability into their organization?  Check all that apply.

Improvement of company’s image

Increased attraction and retention of employees who care about sustainability

Lowering of legal risks and insurance costs

Reduction of energy and materials use and waste

Differentiation of product or services and brand

Question 8          The figure above describes the ___________ management process.

Assessment

Design and implementation

Adaptive

Circular

Evaluative

Question 9          Which of the following statements are correct about our global use of fossil fuel? Check all that apply.

Fossil fuel drives the world economy

The consequences of our fossil fuel use has left indigenous people untouched

With advanced technology, we are finding cheaper ways of obtaining fossil fuel

The cost of fossil fuel around the world accounts for its social and ecological consequences

Question 10        Check all questions that should be asked as part of risk assessment of chemical X:

How much of chemical X is present in this setting?

What are the control options for chemical X?

What is the most likely exposure to humans and/or ecological receptor of chemical X in this setting?

What is the dose-response curve for chemical X?

Question 11        Which of the following statements are part of adaptive environmental management?

Integrative approach considering social, economic, political and environmental issues

Environmental challenges can be solved with command and control

Hypothesis testing and continual experimentation

Modified ideas in light of new experiences

Adapting to climate change instead of working for mitigation

Question 12        Using pressurized CO2 to replace CFCs in propellants is an example of ________environmental technology.

Avoidance

Monitoring

Control

Remediation

Question 13        Please match the key term or phrase with the blank that it best fits into.  Note that there are more keywords and phrases than there are blanks to fill in.

All technologies have  _________ impact.

Harvesting x amount of biomass without changing the forest’s ability to grow the same x amount of biomass year after year is evidence that we are harvesting at  _________.

Acid rain is a _________ issue that is caused by excessive emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides.

Taking a  _________ approach would mandate the use of the best available technology for environmental management.

The disproportionate distribution of environmental risks to the poor has come to be known as _________.

If the glaciers keep melting at a fast rate, this could slow down the thermohaline circulation, and thus cool the northern hemisphere.  This is an example of a  _________ cycle.

Taking a  _________ approach would essentially ban any substance that increases health risks.

The most effective approach to changing public behavior toward environmental sustainability is  _________, as demonstrated by many social science case studies.

We have seen that treatment technologies to solve one pollution problem often create another pollution issue.   Hence, there is a need for a  _________ approach to pollution mitigation and prevention programs.

The present use of fossil fuel does not account for  _________ such as the effect of fossil fuel on public health and climate.

The _________ is based upon preventing environmental harm rather than reacting to it.   This principle has mainly been used in Europe.

1.            Albedo

2.            Assimilative capacity

3.            Carrying capacity

4.            Command and control

5.            Environmental

6.            Environmental injustice

7.            Environmental Ethics

8.            Externalities

9.            Global

10.          Insolation

11.          Local

12.          Market-driven

13.          Maximum sustainable yield

14.          Multimedia

15.          Negative feedback

16.          Peer pressure

17.          Positive feedback

18.          Precautionary Principle

19.          Regional

20.          Technology-based

21.          Zero-risk

Question 14        Which of the following statements can be concluded from viewing the figure above? (Check all that apply.)

Most of the radiation coming into the earth is heat

All of the sunlight entering our atmosphere is transmitted to earth

The majority of the radiation from our earth is infrared

Most of the infrared coming out of our earth is transmitted into outer space

Question 15        Which of the following are clear examples of environmental injustice?  Check all s.

Placement of an asphalt construction company in neighborhood X

Building a transmission line through a historic site.

The placement of a solar panel distribution center in a poor neighborhood

Lead levels in soils in neighborhood X are found to be above EPA limits for soil contamination and are five times higher than city average for all other neighborhoods

Question 16        Match the technology listed to the type of technology it represents

Control

Avoidance

Monitoring

Remediaton

1.            Precipitation

2.            Encapsulation

3.            Biosensors

4.            Product substitution

Question 17        Which of these are examples of a pure Pigouvian tax?  Check all that apply.

Cigarette tax at 1 cent per cigarette

A slowly rising carbon fee and dividend beginning at $10 per metric ton of CO2 emitted to set a market signal

A tax on manufactures of nicotine to account for environmental and social costs of the nicotine product

A tax per metric ton of NOx emissions at the source that accounts for environmental and social costs of NOx emissions

Sales tax

Question 18        The figure above is from one of your course viewings on trends versus variations. Check all correct statements about trends versus variations.

If the axis of the graph above was time (x axis) versus average global temperature (y axis), the global temperature trend would be shown to be increasing

The dog's path is like actual yearly global temperature averages we have seen

If the axis of the graph above was time versus average global temperature, the most recent temperature trend would appear to be going down

The dog has determined the path the man will walk

The man determines the direction the dog will eventually go

Question 19        Some people think a solution to population growth is to create orbiting self-sustaining satellite colonies.  Let’s say we actually are advanced enough to produce self-sustaining satellite colonies that orbit our earth that can hold up to 55,000 people on it. Given present population growth of 700 million per year, how many of these satellite stations do we need out in space per year to take in enough people so that earth’s population remains constant?

Question 20        If you earned full credit for all the short answer questions from the previous two quizzes, you will automatically earn full credit for this question. 

If you have not earned full credit for all the short answer questions in the previous quizzes, take one of your answers you earned the lowest score in, read my comments back to you (if you have not already done so), and demonstrate that you have learned from your mistake(s) by providing a logical answer to the question asked and sharing why your old answer was incorrect.

Question 21        Which of these are correct statements about sustainable business?  Check all that apply.

A timber company that harvests its own timber reserves in two years to make a windfall profit is a sustainable business.

A revenue-neutral carbon fee and dividend would contribute to sustainable businesses

In a free market economy, government policies will not influence sustainable businesses

Consumers play a large role in the success of sustainable businesses

Only larger-size companies such as Ford can afford to be sustainable

Question 22        Which of he following are correct about the role of government and public policy in ENMT?

Their role is purely regulatory

Government and public policies exert considerable influence on the revenues, costs, and net earnings of a market economy

Government and public policies exert considerable influence on what activities businesses will invest in

Viability of businesses are a result of government and public policies

Question 23        Which of the following statements are made with the figure above?  Check all that apply.

It examines the local, regional, and global burden of increasing wealth for specific issues

It provides evidence for I=PAT

It provides general relationships between increasing wealth and their effect on health locally, regionally, and globally

It suggests that increasing global wealth will linearly decrease global health burdens

Question 24        What does this figure demonstrate?  Check all correct statements.

The mass of humans plus their livestock outweigh wild animals by more than 50:1

We are at global carrying capacity

Humans have really altered the biomass of the planet

There are two very big fish in a fish tank

Question 25        Which of the following are involved in forming public policy?  Check all that apply.

Judicial system

People and organizations advocating their positions publicly

Lobbying congress

Educating supporters and opponents

Mobilizing allies