HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 1 Discussion
INDIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY VERSUS VICTIM BLAMING IN HEALTH PROMOTION
Part of what makes a discussion a discussion and not a lecture is the back-and-forth, in-depth, animated engagement of at least two people. If you start a topic and your colleagues are not engaging in it, consider what you can do to get the conversation going. Include something that would elicit further thoughts and different opinions from colleagues. Remember that discussion supports a discovery learning experience that facilitates a deeper understanding of content from multiple viewpoints. To ensure that your contributions to the Discussion posts are timely, relevant, insightful, and engaging, keep the following in mind as you post:
• Engage in the Discussion as early as possible and continue to post throughout the module.
• Design your posts to elicit multiple points of view from your colleagues.
• Validate your assertions with references and links to credible sources so that your colleagues can check and read the source(s) for themselves.
Academic discussions provide a forum to share insights with your colleagues as you encounter new content. Discussion supports a discovery learning experience that facilitates a deeper understanding of content from multiple viewpoints. To ensure that your contributions to the Discussion posts and responses are timely, relevant, insightful, and engaging, keep the following in mind as you post:
• Be sure to review and follow the Discussion Rubric.
• Engage in the Discussion as early as possible and continue to post throughout the module.
• Design your posts to elicit multiple points of view from your colleagues.
• Validate your assertions with references to credible sources.
Health promotion and disease prevention are based on the idea that optimal health should be promoted and disease should be prevented wherever possible. The focus on preventing disease often leads to tension between encouraging individuals to take responsibility for their own health, on the one hand, and making them feel as if they are somehow responsible for causing their health condition, on the other hand.
To prepare for this Discussion, review the section “The Fuzzy Aspects of Planning” (pp. 14–19) presented in your Issel et al., (2022) course text, and the methods utilized in planning a health promotion program. Consider the assumptions of health promotion on which these methods are based, paying particular attention to the “Paradoxes and Assumptions” sections.
With these thoughts in mind:
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 5
Start the Discussion by describing the challenges that program planners face when trying to promote the idea of personal responsibility with regard to health behavior while also trying to avoid placing the blame on individuals for their health status. Is it possible to do both? Explain why or why not.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 through Day 7 of this module. While you are required to submit your initial post by Day 5, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, start responding to your colleagues by no later than Day 5. Continue to interact frequently with your colleagues through Day 7, supporting your responses with credible sources.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 2 Discussion
PROJECT SUPPORT AREA (HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL)
As you work on your Health Promotion Program Proposal, you post updates on your progress in the Project Support Area discussion board in Modules 2–4. This is an opportunity to gain valuable feedback on your proposal prior to the due date, so it is important that you actively participate in this support area.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 3
Post an update on the progress you are making on your Health Promotion Program Proposal. Topics for discussion include the community you have identified, the program planning model you have selected, and the rationale for the selection.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 of Week 2 through Day 7 of Week 3 of this module. While you are required to submit your update by Day 3 of Week 3, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, begin reviewing the responses of your colleagues. Respond to at least two of your colleagues by providing your assessment of their program planning model selection. Explain your rationale.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 3 Discussion 1
PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT: OBJECTIVES, GOALS, MISSION, AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
When planning a health promotion program, the behaviors and conditions you seek to address must be clearly articulated early on. Working with community members to develop a clearly defined mission and specific and measurable goals is an important step.
To prepare for this Discussion, consider an HIV prevention program being proposed by a professor at a local university. The program is being funded by a national HIV/AIDS service organization. The professor has also identified the following stakeholders: two community organizations active in HIV prevention, the local health department, and various community members.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 5
Post your assessment of whether or not you expect the identified stakeholders will have difficulty setting program goals, and explain why. Identify additional stakeholders that should be involved in the planning process and explain why you chose them. Describe the collaboration strategies you would use to avoid turf struggles and ensure that all stakeholders have a sense of ownership over the program. Explain why these strategies would work.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 through Day 14 of this module. While you are required to submit your initial post by Day 5, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, start responding to your colleagues by providing your assessment of the choice of stakeholders and collaboration strategies proposed by your peers. Also, provide a justification for your assessment. You must begin responding to your colleagues by no later than Day 7 and should continue to interact frequently with your colleagues through Day 14.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 3 Discussion 2
PROJECT SUPPORT AREA (HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL)
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 5
Post an update on the progress you are making on your Health Promotion Program Proposal. Topics you are to discuss quantitative and/or qualitative methods used to assess the health needs of your chosen community, your proposed strategies to identify program stakeholders and build coalitions and partnerships, and program goals and objectives.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 of Week 4 through Day 7 of Week 5. While you are required to submit your update by Day 3 of Week 5, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, begin reviewing the responses of your colleagues. Provide your assessment of the methods used to determine their community’s needs and proposed collaboration strategies. Explain your rationale.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 4 Discussion
Back to Module at a Glance
PROJECT SUPPORT AREA (HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL)
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 7
Post a final update on your Health Promotion Program Proposal. Topics for discussion include an explanation of the analysis conducted in order to select your chosen behavioral theory, intervention strategy, and program activity.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Stylefor Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 5 Discussion 1
TYPES AND PURPOSES OF EVALUATION
Evaluations are designed to address various questions and can use a variety of designs. It is important to identify the type of evaluation to be conducted and to select an evaluation design that is most appropriate for the program. When it comes to program evaluation, one size does not fit all.
To prepare for this Discussion, review the two case studies provided in the CDC Get Smart Program Planner. Analyze the evaluation methods used to conduct the Get Smart evaluation. Consider the ways in which the program stakeholders influenced the evaluations. Select one case study on which to focus your Discussion post.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 5
Submit a post in which you:
Identify the type of evaluation conducted in the case study.
Examine the selected evaluation design and methodological approach, and provide your assessment of whether or not the proposed design is appropriate. Offer a justification for your assessment.
Describe one of the challenges faced by the evaluators in the development of the evaluation plan.
Examine the role of the program stakeholders in the evaluation, and provide your assessment of whether or not program stakeholders were sufficiently involved in the evaluation process. Offer a justification for your assessment.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 through Day 14 of this module. While you are required to submit your initial post by Day 5, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, start responding to your colleagues by no later than Day 7 by providing your own assessment of the methodological approaches, the challenges faced, and stakeholder participation. Continue to interact frequently with your colleagues through Day 14, supporting your responses with credible sources.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 5 Discussion 2
PROJECT SUPPORT AREA (EVALUATION PLAN)
As you work on your Evaluation Plan, post updates on your progress in the Project Support Area in Modules 5–6. This is an opportunity to gain valuable feedback on your proposal prior to the due date, so it is important that you actively participate in this support area.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 9
Post an update on the progress you are making on your Evaluation Plan. Topics for discussion include methods of evaluation you use, the type of evaluation you are proposing, the research question you have selected, and the possible ways your evaluation findings may be used.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 of Week 8 through Day 7 of Week 9. While you are required to submit your update by Day 3 of Week 9, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, begin reviewing the responses of your colleagues. Critique their methods of evaluation and proposed evaluation question(s). Explain your rationale.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 6 Discussion 1
BUDGETING FOR PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
Most, if not all, programs are limited by budgetary restraints. While it can be fun to propose an ideal program, it is important also to consider just how much such a program would cost.
To prepare for this Discussion, review Chapter 8 of the Issel et al. (2022) course text as well as the article “Planning and Writing an Annual Budget” by the Center for Community Health and Development. Consider the importance of developing a realistic budget for your health promotion program.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 5
Post an overview of the anticipated program costs for the program you proposed in Module 4, using Exhibit 8-2 (p. 216) and Table 8-1 (p. 217) from Issel et al. (2022) as a guide. Often, program planners do not have the time and resources to implement an ideal program. Are there any changes you would make to your program based on the anticipated cost? Discuss why you would or would not make changes. Also, discuss how budgetary concerns impact implementation strategy.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 through Day 14 of this module. While you are required to submit your initial post by Day 5, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, start responding to your colleagues by no later than Day 7 by providing your own assessment of their budgetary decisions. Also, provide a rationale to support your assessment. Continue to interact frequently with your colleagues through Day 14, supporting your responses with credible sources.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 6 Discussion 2
PROJECT SUPPORT AREA (EVALUATION PLAN)
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 10
Post a final update on your Evaluation Plan. Topics for discussion include collaboration strategies for development of the evaluation as well as anticipated utilization of the evaluation findings.
This Discussion will be available from Day 1 of Week 10 through Day 7 of Week 11. While you are required to submit your update by Day 7 of Week 10, you are encouraged to post early. Once you have submitted your initial post, begin reviewing the responses of your colleagues. Discuss the choice of collaboration strategy and anticipated uses for the evaluation findings. Explain your rationale.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 2 Assignment
LANNING MODELS ARTICLE REVIEW
The published literature is rich with examples of health promotion programs that have utilized the concepts of program planning covered in this course. The Planning Models Article Review Worksheet will allow you to critically examine the assignment of these concepts in real-world settings.
To prepare for the Planning Models Article Review, review Chapter 3 of the Issel et al. (2022) textbook on planning models, as well as the rest of the Learning Resources for this module. Reflect on the ways planning models were used to develop health promotion programs. Please pay careful attention to the planning model used in the article, not the theory used to develop the intervention.
To complete the Planning Models Article Review Worksheet, select one of the articles provided by your instructor, analyze the use of a program planning model, and complete the Planning Models Article Review Worksheet based on the information you obtained from the article. You will be given two articles to choose from for this assignment. You only need to select one article to complete the worksheet, which is provided in the module instructions.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 2
Submit your Assignment.
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD2Assgn_LastName_Firstinitial
Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 4 Assignment 1
INTERVENTION DEVELOPMENT ARTICLE REVIEW
The published literature is rich with examples of health promotion programs that have utilized the principles of effective program implementation covered in this course. The Intervention Development Article Review Worksheet will allow you to critically examine the assignment of these concepts in real-world settings.
To prepare for the Article Review, read Chapters 5 and 7 of Issel et al. (2022) and the McLeroy, et al. (1988) article. Then select one of the articles provided in the Learning Resources to analyze for your Article Review. You do not need to read all of the articles in the Learning Resources, only McLeroy, et al. (1988) and the one you select for this Assignment.
Review your selected article and reflect on the ways that theories of health behavior were used to develop the health promotion intervention. Complete the Intervention Development Article Review Worksheet based on the information you obtained from the article. For this assignment do not select the McLeroy, et al. (1988) article.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 6
Submit your assignment.
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD4Assgn1_LastName_Firstinitial
Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 4 Assignment 2
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL
Obtaining the funding and/or approval to develop a program is often dependent upon one’s ability to clearly articulate each element of the proposed program. Proposing a health promotion program requires a well-thought-out plan that clearly identifies the health condition, target population, and anticipated activities.
Modules 2, 3, and 4 have covered the steps for planning and designing a health promotion program. For this Assignment,you will submit a proposal for the health promotion program you have been developing that meets a health need for a specific community.
12- to 15-page proposal (double- spaced, Times New Roman font):
Cover page should include:
Project title
Primary contact person, title
Sections of your proposal:
1. Introduction
Briefly describe the project relevance and need
Describe how your project complements or adds to other similar initiatives.
2. Community Description
Describe the target audience(s) for the project (e.g. health practitioners, policy-makers, underserved population).
Provide list the geographic location(s) and sites/settings (e.g. hospital, community-based center, school, work setting) where the project activities will take place.
3. Needs Assessment
Provide a summary of the mini-needs assessment conducted to determine a priority health issue for this community. The mini-needs assessment is to be based on available statistics and must focus on population needs, assets and capacities that affect your identified community’s health.
4. Socio-ecological factors
Provide a description of the primary socio-ecological factors related to the health issue.
5. Stakeholders
Identify and describe strategies used to identify your program stakeholders and build coalitions and partnerships.
Identify and describe types of resources and community stakeholders. Indicate the name of the partners you will work with during the project. Describe the role and contribution of each partner.
6. Vision, mission, goals and objectives
Identify
the program vision
the program mission
at least one program goal and
at least two objectives
7. Theoretical framework
Identify the theory or model used to guide development of the interventions and provide a rationale for your selection.
8. Intervention strategy
Propose an appropriate population-based program intervention strategy based on your theoretical framework that targets one of the socio-ecological factors associated with this health condition and target population.
9. Activities
Identify at least two specific program activities and explain how it would be used in the program.
Explain how each activity is related to your theoretical framework.
10. Logic Model
Develop a Logic Model for the program.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Stylefor Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 7
Submit your Assignment 2.
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD4Assgn2_LastName_Firstinitial
Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 5 Assignment
DEVELOPING EVALUATION QUESTIONS
Evaluation takes place at various points within a program's life cycle. It requires different types of questions to elicit the information needed to improve the program and determine its effectiveness. Some of the most commonly used questions are focused specifically on the processes, impacts, and outcomes of the program.
To prepare for this Assignment, review Chapters 11, 12, and 13 of the Issel et al. (2022) course text. Reflect on the different methods of evaluation and the different types and purposes of program evaluation.
Develop a total of nine evaluation questions for your specific health promotion program—three process, three impact, and three outcome questions—and provide a brief explanation of how these different categories of questions differ from one another. Each set of evaluation questions should be specific to the health promotion program you are aleady developing and using for this course. Ask how, why, to what extent? Avoid questions that elicit a yes/no response.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 8
Submit your Assignment.
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD5Assgn_LastName_Firstinitial
Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 6 Assignment
EVALUATION PLAN
Once the program has been designed, it is time to consider how the program will be evaluated. To design an evaluation, you must identify a specific evaluation question and determine the best way to answer it. The evaluation design and methods should be aligned to allow for the collection of data that will answer the specific evaluation question being posed. Poorly designed evaluations lead to wasted time and effort, as well as data that are not useful for program improvement.
For this Assignment, you are developing an Evaluation Plan for the program you proposed in Module 4. Module 5 covered the steps for designing a program evaluation. Select one of the evaluation questions you developed in Module 5 and design a 6- to 8-page Evaluation Plan that meets the following criteria:
State the evaluation question you are evaluating and explain why it is important.
Discuss which evaluation design you use and why.
Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the design used. Identify any threats to measurement reliability and validity that you might encounter when collecting data and discuss what you would do to reduce these threats.
Describe the methods you would use to to answer the evaluation question/to evaluate your proposed program.
Describe any modifications needed to an existing instrument, an instrument that would need to be developed, and/or existing records to access and provide your rationale.
Summarize the ways in which your evaluation results might be used to improve the program's quality, utility, and impact on the priority populations, and provide an explanation for why you think the results might be used in these ways.
Support your work with specific citations from this module’s Learning Resources and additional scholarly sources as appropriate. Refer to the Essential Guide to APA Style for Walden Students to ensure that your in-text citations and reference list are correct.
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 10
Submit your Assignment.
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD6Assgn_LastName_Firstinitial
Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 1 Quiz
Question 1
Which factors have been found to influence behavior?
Socioeconomic Status
Skills
Culture
Attitude
Gender
All of the Above
Question 2
Intentional efforts to create something that has not occurred previously for the betterment of others and for the purpose of meeting desired goals is a definition of planning.
True
False
Question 3
An assumption in program planning is that planning occurs in an orderly fashion.
True
False
Question 4
The public health pyramid is divided into which four sections?
Direct healthcare services, enabling services, population-based services, and infrastructure services
Direct healthcare services, enabling services, individual level services, and infrastructure services
Direct healthcare services, enabling services, population-based services, and planning and evaluation
Health behavior services, enabling services, population-based services, and infrastructure services
Question 5
The two predominant models used to explain the occurrence of obesity—and of health more generally—are the medical model and the public health model.
True
False
Question 6
Which type of evaluation is completed at the conclusion of a program to provide a conclusive statement regarding program effects?
Community health assessment
Process Evaluation
Effect Evaluation
Summative Evaluation
None of the Above
Question 7
A paradox in health program planning is that the prosperity that is for the good of individuals and society may also be bad for health.
True
False
Question 8
Theories cannot be developed from scratch or revised.
True
False
Question 9
The public health model focuses on curing disease.
True
False
Question 10
Which of the following is included in a definition of health?
The absence of illness
The presence of well-being
The presence of social capabilities
All of these are correct
Question 11
Theories and models can be separated into three different levels of influence. Which level focuses on the assumptions that other people influence our behavior?
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Community level
Question 12
The public health model focuses on a population's risk factors and the context in which they emerge.
True
False
Question 13
Which of the following groups would be considered stakeholders in a program planning and evaluation process?
Funders
Program Staff
Community Action Groups
Both A & C
A, B, & C
Question 14
The medical model focuses on the individual patient and his or her characteristics.
True
False
Question 15
Theories and models can be separated into three different levels of influence. Which level focuses on the factors within social systems such as rules, regulations, legislation, norms, and policies?
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Community level
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 2 Quiz
Question 1
If the program is aimed at a true population, the term is called ______________.
Intended population
Intended audience
Recipient audience
Question 2
Which term describes those for whom the program or intervention is designed and intended?
Intended population
Intended audience
Recipient audience
Question 3
The Health Belief Model was first developed in response to:
the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
an increase in cultural diversity in urban areas.
the need to understand why people were not accessing free screenings
the lack of a comprehensive model to explain behavior.
Question 4
What is the first step in planning and developing a program?
Identify the problem and collect information
Identify partners
Locate evidence
Relate evidence to particular circumstances
Question 5
True or false: Determining predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors occurs during the educational and ecological Assessment Phase of PRECEDE-PROCEED model.
True
False
Question 6
According to Social Cognitive Theory, behavior is influenced by expectations. Which of the following demonstrates this?
People brush their teeth to reduce the risk of cavities.
In general, people need 7–9 hours of sleep each night.
Children should have time to exercise during school hours.
High blood pressure can be controlled.
Question 7
It is not important to conduct a literature review on a topic to learn what other researchers have learned about that topic.
True
False
Question 8
The Health Belief construct of perceived seriousness is best explained by which of the following?
The medical definition of the cause and effects of the illness.
An individual’s opinion of the detrimental effects of a disease
Societal beliefs of the extent of disease seriousness.
Subjective norms attitudes toward the extent of disability caused by the disease.
Question 9
According to the Health Belief Model, which of the following demonstrates a cue to action?
Sharing a post on Facebook about free flu vaccinations.
Having people in a smoking cessation program identify a quit date.
Asking students to choose the type of game they want to play in a physical education class.
Offering unsweetened tea in a school cafeteria.
Question 10
Which planning model was outlined as a process that an organization, initiative, community, or state can follow in order to prevent and reduce the use and abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs?
MAP-IT
MAPP
PRECEDE/PROCEED
Strategic Prevention Framework
Question 11
The usefulness of the Social Cognitive Theory construct of observational learning is determined by:
the intention of the observer to learn the behavior
the reward to be given for learning the behavior
the amount of time given the observer to learn the behavior
the extent of attention given to the person modeling the behavior
Question 12
Quality of life is usually defined at which level?
Individual
Interpersonal
Community
Question 13
In using the Social Cognitive Theory concept of reciprocal determinism to elicit behavior change you would focus on:
the process of determining what should be given in return for adopting a healthy behavior.
the relationship between doing the most amount of good with limited resources.
the interplay between a behavior, personal factors, and the environment
the effect the changed behavior has on the person’s perception of self.
Question 14
This program planning model focuses the community assessment on evaluation of environmental health conditions.
MAP-IT
MAPP
PRECEDE/PROCEED
PACE-EH
Question 15
A procedure used to collect data that describe the needs and strengths of a specific group, community, or populations is a community health assessment.
True
False
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 3 Quiz
Question 1
Which of the following is the construct of the Theory of Reasoned Action that explains behavior based on what we think others expect of us?
Societal marketing
Subjective norms
Social capital
Subjected justice
Question 2
Which of the following is an example of the stimulus control process of change in the Transtheoretical Model for someone who changes to a vegetarian diet?
Ignoring what others have to say about their decision
Keeping the behavior change a secret.
Cutting the portion size of meat eaten in half.
Donating meat-based food items previously purchased to a food bank.
Question 3
According to the Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behavior, a person’s attitude toward a behavior results from:
cultural expectations to engage in the behavior
beliefs about the behavior
past success engaging in the behavior
peer support for the behavior
Question 4
The Theory of Reasoned Action explains behavior based on:
Intrapersonal factors
Environmental factors
Educational factors
Social factors
Question 5
Which indicator(s) is commonly used to measure ethnicity?
Primary language
Dietary practices
Nationality of birth parents
Marriage
All of the Above
None of the Above
Question 6
Which of the following measurements is commonly used in community health assessments?
Unadjusted rates
Prevalence rates
Odds ratio
Relative risk
All of the above
Question 7
Which characteristics are important in program planning to contribute to diversity?
Race
Gender
Sexual orientation
Developmental disability
All of the above
None of the above
Question 8
DALYs and QALYs would most likely be used in county health assessments.
True
False
Question 9
There are various options for selecting a target value for objective indicators. For programs that are innovative, address rare health problems, or are highly tailored to the location, which of the following target setting options is recommended?
Set target for no change.
Set target for a statistically significant improvement compared to current value.
Set target for a desired percentage decrease from the current value.
Set a cumulative annual target value so that the total amount of change is dispersed across the time period for the program.
All of these are correct
Question 10
The distinction between objectives and goals forms the basis for the conceptual distinctions between short-term outcomes and long-term impacts of the program.
True
False
Question 11
Programs at the direct health care services level of the public health pyramid are aimed at changing the cultural competence of the workforce and the capacity of the workforce to address health disparities and cultural diversity.
True
False
Question 12
Which of the following is a task completed in the preparation stage of the Transtheoretical Model?
Identifying rewards to support maintenance of the new behavior
Identifying rewards to support maintenance of the new behavior
Making a plan as to how the behavior change will occur
Gathering information about the health problem
Isolating possible relapse triggers
Question 13
Which of the following theories would be consistent with addressing the issue of student alcohol use by forming a club for students who don’t drink so they can support each other’s decision not to drink.
Health Belief Model
Self- Efficacy
Theory of Reasoned Action
Diffusion of Innovation
Question 14
Important differences in health status by racial, socioeconomic, and ethnic groups are called health disparities.
True
False
Question 15
For a national or multiregional obesity prevention program with access to prevalence data existing for each U.S. region, which of the following would be the best way to set a target value?
Use an existing benchmark (e.g., Healthy People 20#0).
Use the current obesity prevalence rate.
Use the mean obesity prevalence rate across geographic areas.
Use a percentage change in obesity prevalence compared to current trend, literature, or hopeful guess.
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 4 Quiz
Question 1
Outreach workers from the CeaseFire program spent a total of 500 combined hours with program participants during the first year of program implementation. This is an example of which service utilization output?
Coverage
Units of service
Service completion
Workflow
Question 2
A program theory is vital because it leads to a stronger program and a more convincing argument for the program’s existence.
True
False
Question 3
Which characteristic below is NOT one of the five characteristics of a “good” intervention?
Evidence based, is tailored to the intended audience
Leads to health improvements
Can lead to a published manuscript
Can be modified to the needs of the intended audience (manipulability)
Is logistically and technically possible to do
None of the above
Question 4
Effectiveness is the maximum possible impact from an intervention under ideal conditions.
True
False
Question 5
Social Marketing describes the four P’s: promotion, place, price, and product.
True
False
Question 6
Which of the following may NOT result in undercoverage?
A small problem addressing a big problem
Reveals an unrecognized need
May yield insignificant program results
Occurs when a need is not served
Both A & D
Both A & C
Question 7
Imagine that you were a funding agency and reviewing the program coverage. Would you be more concerned about over- or undercoverage?
Overcoverage
Undercoverage
Both over- and undercoverage
Neither over- nor undercoverage is of concern
Question 8
The espoused theory and theory-in-action are always congruent. The idea of how the intervention should work is always the same as how the intervention is actually delivered.
True
False
Question 9
Which four P’s describe the four P’s of social marketing?
Promotion, place, price, product
Promotion, place, practice, product
Promotion, practice, product, and produce
Promotion, place, produce, and product
None of the above
Question 10
Efficacy is the relative amount of effort of program staff for a given amount of resources.
True
False
Question 11
The part of the process theory that includes inputs and capacity is the organizational plan.
True
False
Question 12
Effectiveness is the usual degree of impact from an intervention under ordinary and usual implementation conditions.
True
False
Question 13
Characteristics of the population are an example of a service utilization plan input measure at which level of the public health pyramid?
Direct services level
Enabling services level
Population services level
Infrastructure level
Question 14
At which level of the public health pyramid would a social marketing plan NOT be useful?
Direct services level
Enabling services level
Population services level
Infrastructure level
Question 15
Which of the following may NOT result in overcoverage?
Bias in participation
Reveals an unrecognized need
May yield insignificant program results
Occurs when a need is not served
Both A & C
Both B & D
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 5 Quiz
Question 1
What alternative term has been suggested recently for hard-to-reach?
Marginalized
Inaccessible
Hard to access
Hardly reached
Question 2
For population-based evaluations, it is highly desirable to have what type of data on members of the population to determine if an intervention effect occurred?
Ordinal data
Baseline data
Aggregate data
Qualitative data
Question 3
Which of the following is related to nonresponse bias?
Social desirability
Attrition
Response set pattern
Hard-to-reach
A & B
B & D
Question 4
What type of study design is generally used when the outcome is bounded?
Retrospective case-control design
Two-group prospective design
Multiple-group time-series design
Ecological design
Question 5
Which of the following goes beyond merely documenting that the objectives were met by quantifying the extent to which the interventions seem related to changes observed or measured among program recipients?
Outcome documentation evaluation
Outcome assessment evaluation
Outcome interpretation evaluation
Outcome progression evaluation
Question 6
Random assignment refers to the random identification from the intended population of those who will be in the program or the evaluation.
True
False
Question 7
Client goals are not reliable unless there is a strict standard that is used to establish the goals and determine whether the goal was accomplished.
True
False
Question 8
The technique to collect data is called methods, and the overall plan for when and from whom data are collected is called design.
True
False
Question 9
What type of study design, when used with random assignment, is considered the strongest of evaluation designs?
One-group pretest/posttest
One-group posttest only
Two-group pretest/posttest
Two-group posttest only
Question 10
In general, designs with fewer flaws are more complex and costly and are usually more likely to demonstrate a causal relationship between the health program and outcomes.
True
False
Question 11
Which of the following results from minimizing natural flaws associated with doing evaluations that might otherwise diminish the evaluator’s ability to identify the amount of effect of the program?
Rigor
Quality
Accuracy
Precision
Question 12
Which example(s) are an issue of validity?
Data entry errors
Only one reading taken by one evaluator for the data point in a study that uses blood pressure as one of the indicators
Administration of a food frequency questionnaire to a 7-year-old
A Likert scale survey question whose only options are “agree” and “disagree”
Question 13
Which of the following does not contribute to the difficulty in finding any effect from a program intervention? Select all that apply.
Having a weak or ineffective intervention
Having measures with low validity
Having measures with low reliability
Having low coverage
Question 14
Techniques used to collect data are called methods.
True
False
Question 15
A community agency wanted to know if its school condom distribution program was having an effect on rates of sexually transmitted diseases among teens. The only available and relevant secondary data was collected a few years prior, but the stakeholders did not believe that this data reflected their community. In addition, the local school board denied evaluators access to its students to collect evaluation data. Therefore, the program staff was forced to restate its question to focus on the number of students who received free condoms from the program over the past year. The revised evaluation question is what type of evaluation?
Outcome Evaluation
Process Evaluation
Impact Evaluation
None of the above
HLTH6475 Prgm Plan, Implement & Eval
Module 6 Quiz
Question 1
Which method allows study participants to tell their stories?
Observations
In-depth individual interview
Surveys with forced choice response options
Survey with open-ended questions
Review of program documents
Question 2
Which group(s) are not considered “vulnerable” for the purposes of protecting human subjects?
Children
Prisoners
Single Mothers
Victims of domestic violence
None of the above
Question 3
The funders for an HIV awareness program that you have been implementing have requested that you compare the cost per participant of the program to the cost per participant of another HIV awareness program. Which type of economic evaluation are they requesting?
Cost description
Cost analysis
Cost comparison
Cost-effectiveness
Question 4
As part of its annual evaluation, a violence prevention organization reported that a new violence prevention program cost $1,000 less per estimated averted shooting than another program that the organization ran. What type of economic evaluation is this?
Cost description
Cost analysis
Cost comparison
Cost-effectiveness
Question 5
Which of the following issues is inherent in qualitative data analysis?
Whether to report numbers
Messiness, confusion, and repetitiveness
Cost
Need for highly trained data collectors and analyzers
All of these are correct.
Question 6
The three accounting perspectives are promotion, program, and societal.
True
False
Question 7
It is important to statistically compare the participants and the control groups on demographic characteristics to show that differences found in the evaluation are due to program differences and not to demographic differences.
True
False
Question 8
Which of the following is an empirical inquiry into existing phenomena in their real-life contexts when the boundary between what is being studied and its context is not clearly evident?
Case study
Observation
Focus group
Survey with open-ended questions
Narrative methods
Question 9
Triangulation is another step sometimes involved with qualitative analysis, is the integration of multiple data sources to see whether they yield convergent findings.
True
False
Question 10
Outliers should always be excluded.
True
False
Question 11
Correlational statistics indicate the strength of a relationship and establish causation between variables.
True
False
Question 12
The accounting perspective guides the decisions as to what factors will be included as costs and as outcomes.
True
False
Question 13
The intent of a cost-benefit analysis is to determine which of two different programs will have the greater benefit to the program’s intended population, given each program’s costs.
True
False
Question 14
A negative benefit-cost ratio indicates that the program will be more costly than the benefits to society.
True
False
Question 15
When deciding how to monetize program effects, using the process theory helps identify potential outcomes and impacts to be monetized.
True
False
